Introduction: this thesis project turns its research to questions concerning the nursing approach in developing countries. The topic is analyzed through interviews with nurses who are members of Doctors Without Borders and Emergency, Non-Governmental Organizations that work to bring aid to those most in need. Aim: The aim is to analyze how nursing is applied in areas without resources and places of care, outside of wealth and fortune, by analyzing the contribution of Non-Governmental Organizations. Materials and methods: the approach used is qualitative, through ethnographic research. The study is based on a group of people, identified through snowball sampling. Through a qualitative, semi-structured interview conducted through a questionnaire, four questions were asked of the respondents, giving them the opportunity to digress and bring out new content. This chapter specifies the reasons that defined the choice of each question. Findings: humanistic aspects emerge from the interviews: the motivations for professionals to leave and post-mission reflections. Cornerstones of the discourse are professional aspects, where they describe working in the hospital and in the territory, differences with local workers, adaptation in relation to sociocultural dissimilarities, and resource management. Discussion: it is remarkable the number of people who daily face towards these realities: it may be due to the Organizations' forms of publicity disclosure. The pathologies encountered, the people affected with their respective care needs and treatments implemented are defined. Territorial work is discussed, including in the Italian reality, where citizens, who cannot access medical care, rely on humanitarian Organizations. A nursing model is also described: !the Theory of Transcultural Nursing." Conclusion: this research allowed to analyze nursing in all its aspects, ethical and specialized in developing countries, allowing to collect right information and define the principles of Non-Governmental Organizations. Keywords: humanity - solidarity - responsibility - planning - health promotion - criticality.
Introduzione: il progetto di tesi volge la ricerca su interrogativi riguardanti l’approccio infermieristico nei paesi in via di sviluppo. L’argomento viene analizzato attraverso interviste rivolte ad infermieri membri di Medici Senza Frontiere ed Emergency, Organizzazioni Non Governative che operano per portare aiuto ai più bisognosi. Obiettivo: lo scopo è quello di analizzare come l’infermieristica viene applicata in zone prive di risorse e luoghi di cura, al di fuori della ricchezza e della fortuna, analizzando il contributo delle Organizzazioni Non Governative. Materiali e metodi: l’approccio utilizzato è di tipo qualitativo, tramite ricerca etnografica. Lo studio si basa su un gruppo di persone, individuato attraverso il campionamento a palla di neve. Attraverso un’intervista qualitativa, semi-strutturata, realizzata tramite un questionario, sono state poste quattro domande agli intervistati, dando loro la possibilità di divagare e far emergere nuovi contenuti. In questo capitolo si precisano le motivazioni che hanno definito la scelta di ciascun quesito. Risultati: dalle interviste emergono aspetti umanistici: le motivazioni che spingono i professionisti a partire e le riflessioni post-missione. Punti cardine del discorso sono gli aspetti professionali, dove si descrive il lavoro in ospedale e nel territorio, le differenze con i lavoratori locali, l’adattamento in relazione alle difformità socioculturali e la gestione delle risorse. Discussione: è notevole il numero di persone che ogni giorno si affaccia verso queste realtà: può essere dovuto alle forme di divulgazione pubblicitaria delle Organizzazioni. Si definiscono le patologie che si riscontrano, le persone colpite con le rispettive necessità assistenziali e trattamenti attuati. Viene discusso il lavoro territoriale, anche nella realtà italiana, laddove i cittadini, che non possono accedere a cure mediche, si affidano alle Organizzazioni umanitarie. È anche descritto un modello infermieristico: !la Teoria del Nursing Transculturale”. Conclusioni: questa ricerca ha permesso di analizzare l"infermieristica in tutti i suoi aspetti, etici e specialistici dei paesi in via di sviluppo, permettendo di raccogliere giuste informazioni e definire i principi delle Organizzazioni Non Governative. Parole chiave: umanità - solidarietà - responsabilità – pianificazione - promozione della salute – criticità.
L'infermieristica nei contesti difficili: una ricerca etnografica.
CATANI, GAIA
2021/2022
Abstract
Introduction: this thesis project turns its research to questions concerning the nursing approach in developing countries. The topic is analyzed through interviews with nurses who are members of Doctors Without Borders and Emergency, Non-Governmental Organizations that work to bring aid to those most in need. Aim: The aim is to analyze how nursing is applied in areas without resources and places of care, outside of wealth and fortune, by analyzing the contribution of Non-Governmental Organizations. Materials and methods: the approach used is qualitative, through ethnographic research. The study is based on a group of people, identified through snowball sampling. Through a qualitative, semi-structured interview conducted through a questionnaire, four questions were asked of the respondents, giving them the opportunity to digress and bring out new content. This chapter specifies the reasons that defined the choice of each question. Findings: humanistic aspects emerge from the interviews: the motivations for professionals to leave and post-mission reflections. Cornerstones of the discourse are professional aspects, where they describe working in the hospital and in the territory, differences with local workers, adaptation in relation to sociocultural dissimilarities, and resource management. Discussion: it is remarkable the number of people who daily face towards these realities: it may be due to the Organizations' forms of publicity disclosure. The pathologies encountered, the people affected with their respective care needs and treatments implemented are defined. Territorial work is discussed, including in the Italian reality, where citizens, who cannot access medical care, rely on humanitarian Organizations. A nursing model is also described: !the Theory of Transcultural Nursing." Conclusion: this research allowed to analyze nursing in all its aspects, ethical and specialized in developing countries, allowing to collect right information and define the principles of Non-Governmental Organizations. Keywords: humanity - solidarity - responsibility - planning - health promotion - criticality.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/11170