Background: Vaccination is one of the main strategies for preventing and managing infectious diseases. However, vaccination hesitation is one of the obstacles to the success of mass vaccination campaigns and has been identified as a major threat to global health. In particular, pregnant and puerperium / breastfeeding women are considered among the most vulnerable and susceptible to infectious diseases, with possible negative outcomes for both the mother and the fetus or unborn child. Purpose and objective: to evaluate the attitudes and propensity towards COVID-19 and influenza vaccination among pregnant, puerperium and breastfeeding women in Italy. Design: Multicenter cross-sectional study. Method: all pregnant, puerperium / lactating women who in the period January-July 2022 were recruited at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit of the Hospital of Ascoli Piceno and San Benedetto del Tronto (Marche) and at the Operative Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the University Hospital Consortium Policlinico Di Bari (Puglia), for taking charge of their pregnancy, who have agreed to participate by signing the informed consent. A structured questionnaire with several sections was administered for data collection, through a telephone interview. The first part of the tool aims to collect socio-demographic characteristics and obstetric history; the second part investigates whether or not to accept Covid-19 and flu vaccination and whether or not to have contracted Covid-19; the third part analyzes the reasons that led women to undergo vaccination or not and whether the pandemic in progress has influenced or not the decision to vaccinate during pregnancy and / or breastfeeding; the fourth part measures vaccination aptitude using the Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) Scale. The scale consists of 12 items rated on a Likert scale ranging from one (totally disagree) to seven (totally agree), the lower the scores on the VAX scale, the greater the positive attitude towards the vaccine; this scale therefore provides an efficient method for identifying those with vaccination resistance and furthermore the 12 items can be grouped into 4 subscales (1) distrust of vaccine benefits, (2) concerns about unforeseen future effects, (3) concerns for commercial profit and (4) preference for natural immunity to allow for greater understanding of the nature of those views. The analyzes were based on descriptive statistics: the quantitative variables were summarized as mean and standard deviation; categorical variables were summarized as frequency and percentage. Results: The questionnaire was completed by 435 women. 21.7% (94) of the sample reported that they did not receive the Covid-19 vaccine during pregnancy or the lactation-puerperium period, while 78.3% (341) received the first dose of vaccine during pregnancy. or breastfeeding. 79% of those who chose not to get vaccinated say they chose it themselves (gynecologist cited in 9% of cases) and the main reason for refusing the vaccine was concern about possible side effects, including miscarriage, autism or developmental disorders. For the flu shot, 16% (70) of the subjects chose to have the flu shot. Those who chose not to get vaccinated did so mainly out of intimate conviction (91%). The three most cited reasons against vaccination are: not having done it in the past (81%), perception of influenza as a minor illness (57%) and a recommendation to the contrary by a health professional (54%).
Background: la vaccinazione è una delle strategie principali per prevenire e gestire le malattie infettive. Tuttavia, l’esitazione vaccinale è uno degli ostacoli al successo delle campagne di vaccinazione di massa ed è stata identificata come una delle principali minacce alla salute globale. In particolare, le donne in gravidanza e in puerperio/allattamento sono considerate fra le categorie più vulnerabili e suscettibili alle malattie infettive, con possibili esiti negativi sia per la madre che per il feto o nascituro. Scopo e obiettivo: valutare li atteggiamenti e la propensione verso la vaccinazione anti COVID-19 e antinfluenzale fra donne in gravidanza, puerperio ed allattamento in Italia. Disegno: studio trasversale multicentrico. Metodo: sono state reclutate tutte le donne in gravidanza, puerperio/allattamento che nel periodo gennaio-luglio 2022 sono afferite presso l’Unità Operativa di Ostetricia e Ginecologia del Presidio Ospedaliero di Ascoli Piceno e San Benedetto del Tronto (Marche) e presso l’Unità Operativa di Ostetricia e Ginecologia dell’Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico Di Bari (Puglia), per la presa in carico della propria gravidanza, che hanno accettato di partecipare sottoscrivendo il consenso informato. Per la raccolta dati è stato somministrato un questionario strutturato a più sezioni, attraverso un’intervista telefonica. La prima parte dello strumento mira a raccogliere le caratteristiche socio-demografiche e la storia ostetrica; la seconda parte indaga l’accettazione o meno alla vaccinazione anti Covid-19 e antinfluenzale e l’aver contratto o meno il Covid-19; la terza parte analizza le ragioni che hanno spinto le donne a sottoporsi o meno alla vaccinazione e se la pandemia in atto abbia influito o meno sulla decisione di vaccinarsi in gravidanza e/o in allattamento; la quarta parte misura l’attitudine ai vaccini mediante la Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) Scale. La scala consiste di 12 voci valutate su una scala Likert che va da uno (totalmente in disaccordo) a sette (totalmente d'accordo), più bassi sono i punteggi nella scala VAX e maggiore è l'atteggiamento positivo verso il vaccino; tale scala quindi fornisce un metodo efficiente per identificare quelli con resistenza alla vaccinazione e inoltre le 12 voci si possono raggruppare in 4 sottoscala(1) sfiducia nei confronti dei benefici del vaccino, (2) preoccupazioni per gli effetti futuri imprevisti, (3) preoccupazioni per il profitto commerciale e (4) preferenza per l'immunità naturale per consentire maggiore comprensione della natura di tali punti di vista. Le analisi si sono basate su statistiche descrittive: le variabili quantitative sono state riassunte come media e deviazione standard; le variabili categoriche sono state riassunte come frequenza e percentuale. Risultati: il questionario è stato completato da 435 donne. Il 21,7% (94) del campione ha dichiarato di non aver ricevuto il vaccino anti Covid-19 durante la gravidanza o il periodo di allattamento-puerperio, mentre il 78.3% (341) ha ricevuto la prima dose di vaccino durante la gravidanza o l’allattamento. Il 79% di coloro che hanno scelto di non vaccinarsi dichiarano di averlo scelto da sé (ginecologo citato in 9% dei casi) e la principale ragione di rifiuto del vaccino è stata la preoccupazione per i possibili effetti collaterali, tra cui aborto spontaneo, autismo o disturbi dello sviluppo. Per il vaccino antinfluenzale il 16% (70) dei soggetti ha scelto di sottoporsi al vaccino antinfluenzale. Chi ha scelto di non vaccinarsi, lo ha fatto principalmente per intima convinzione (91%). Le tre ragioni maggiormente citate contro la vaccinazione sono: non averla fatta in passato (81%), percezione dell’influenza come malattia non grave (57%) e raccomandazione contraria da parte di un professionista della salute (54%).
Attitudine alla vaccinazione fra le donne in gravidanza e nel puerperio durante la pandemia COVID-19.
MINISCALCO, DANIELA
2021/2022
Abstract
Background: Vaccination is one of the main strategies for preventing and managing infectious diseases. However, vaccination hesitation is one of the obstacles to the success of mass vaccination campaigns and has been identified as a major threat to global health. In particular, pregnant and puerperium / breastfeeding women are considered among the most vulnerable and susceptible to infectious diseases, with possible negative outcomes for both the mother and the fetus or unborn child. Purpose and objective: to evaluate the attitudes and propensity towards COVID-19 and influenza vaccination among pregnant, puerperium and breastfeeding women in Italy. Design: Multicenter cross-sectional study. Method: all pregnant, puerperium / lactating women who in the period January-July 2022 were recruited at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit of the Hospital of Ascoli Piceno and San Benedetto del Tronto (Marche) and at the Operative Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the University Hospital Consortium Policlinico Di Bari (Puglia), for taking charge of their pregnancy, who have agreed to participate by signing the informed consent. A structured questionnaire with several sections was administered for data collection, through a telephone interview. The first part of the tool aims to collect socio-demographic characteristics and obstetric history; the second part investigates whether or not to accept Covid-19 and flu vaccination and whether or not to have contracted Covid-19; the third part analyzes the reasons that led women to undergo vaccination or not and whether the pandemic in progress has influenced or not the decision to vaccinate during pregnancy and / or breastfeeding; the fourth part measures vaccination aptitude using the Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) Scale. The scale consists of 12 items rated on a Likert scale ranging from one (totally disagree) to seven (totally agree), the lower the scores on the VAX scale, the greater the positive attitude towards the vaccine; this scale therefore provides an efficient method for identifying those with vaccination resistance and furthermore the 12 items can be grouped into 4 subscales (1) distrust of vaccine benefits, (2) concerns about unforeseen future effects, (3) concerns for commercial profit and (4) preference for natural immunity to allow for greater understanding of the nature of those views. The analyzes were based on descriptive statistics: the quantitative variables were summarized as mean and standard deviation; categorical variables were summarized as frequency and percentage. Results: The questionnaire was completed by 435 women. 21.7% (94) of the sample reported that they did not receive the Covid-19 vaccine during pregnancy or the lactation-puerperium period, while 78.3% (341) received the first dose of vaccine during pregnancy. or breastfeeding. 79% of those who chose not to get vaccinated say they chose it themselves (gynecologist cited in 9% of cases) and the main reason for refusing the vaccine was concern about possible side effects, including miscarriage, autism or developmental disorders. For the flu shot, 16% (70) of the subjects chose to have the flu shot. Those who chose not to get vaccinated did so mainly out of intimate conviction (91%). The three most cited reasons against vaccination are: not having done it in the past (81%), perception of influenza as a minor illness (57%) and a recommendation to the contrary by a health professional (54%).| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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TESI MINISCALCO DANIELA PDF_A.pdf
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Descrizione: L’obiettivo di questo studio è stato quello di valutare gli atteggiamenti nei confronti della vaccinazione anti-COVID-19 ed antinfluenzale, fra le donne in gravidanza e in allattamento/puerperio in Italia.
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/11323