The elaborate aims to demonstrate that the «Education system» is central to the socio-economic development of a country. The focus was placed on Italy. However, multiple comparisons are realized with other economic realities. It is the intention to suggest that the data, extrapolated and reworked by the writer, are tools considered fundamental and, therefore, widely used in the work: we proceeded, where possible, to always demonstrate what was stated with the support of statistical data. The goal was to outline a synthetic (and complete) picture of the Italian «Education System», to highlight its qualities, limits, and criticalities, to carry out an analysis on the population relating to some variables relating to schooling, and to compare these data with some statistical variables and indices relating to income inequality. Education and how it affects equality of opportunity and income inequality: this link between these "themes" was the subject of analysis. The first two chapters highlight this correlation; the third proposes a concrete case in which it is confirmed what argued in the previous chapters. In summary: - Chapter 1: Through logical arguments and with the support of theoretical models and statistical data, we tried to expose the double level of relationship that every school has, both internally and externally (environmental context), and the criticalities of these relations in the Italian context. It has been demonstrated that investments in Education are functional to income growth and to economic development of a Country. - Chapter 2: Equality is expressed in Article 3 of Italian constitution. We briefly tried to define its in economic terms and in terms of law (in particular, the concept of equality of opportunity), with the aim of better framing the phenomenon of income inequality. It was then shown that Education is a fundamental tool to accomplish the so-called social climbing and that, therefore, is functional to reduce income inequalities. - Chapter 3: Finland implemented a reform of his entire school system in 1972. In addition to briefly outlining its contents, it was highlighted how this affected, precisely the equality of opportunity, increasing the growth rate of GDP per capita, reducing the elasticity of intergenerational income, and increasing the number of university students enrolled. At the end of the paper, some reflections and operational suggestions were proposed that our «Education system» should implement to solve the critical issues that emerged from the chapters and promote economic growth driven by human capital.
L'elaborato prodotto vuole dimostrare che il «sistema istruzione» sia centrale nello sviluppo socio-economico di un Paese. L'attenzione è stata posta sull'Italia, effettuando, tuttavia, molteplici raffronti con altre realtà economiche. Si vuole precisare che i dati, estrapolati e rielaborati da chi scrive, sono strumenti ritenuti fondamentali e per questo largamente adoperati nell’elaborato: si è proceduto, laddove possibile, a dimostrare sempre quanto affermato con il supporto di dati statistici. L’obiettivo è stato quello di delineare un quadro sintetico (e completo) del «sistema istruzione» italiano, di porne in risalto le qualità, i limiti e le criticità, di effettuare un'analisi sulla popolazione relativa ad alcune variabili attinenti alla scolarizzazione, e di confrontare questi dati con alcune variabili ed indici statistici attinenti alla disuguaglianza di reddito. Istruzione e come essa influenzi l'eguaglianza di opportunità e diseguaglianza di reddito: la concatenazione tra questi “temi” è stata l’oggetto di analisi. I primi due capitoli evidenziano tale correlazione; il terzo propone un caso concreto in cui si conferma quanto argomentato nei capitoli precedenti. In sintesi: - Capitolo 1: Attraverso argomentazioni logiche e con il supporto di modelli teorici e di dati statistici, si è cercato di far emergere il duplice livello di relazione che ogni istituzione scolastica possiede, sia al proprio interno sia all'esterno (contesto ambientale), e delle criticità di tali relazioni nel contesto italiano. Si è dimostrato come gli investimenti in istruzione siano funzionali all'aumento del reddito e allo sviluppo di un Paese. - Capitolo 2: L’eguaglianza è bene espressa all’articolo 3 della nostra Costituzione. Si è cercato brevemente di darne una definizione sia in termini economici che in termini di diritto (in particolare il concetto di eguaglianza di opportunità), con lo scopo di inquadrare al meglio il fenomeno della dis-eguaglianza di reddito. Si è poi dimostrato come l'istruzione sia uno strumento fondamentale per compiere la c.d. scalata sociale e che, dunque, sia funzionale a ridurre le diseguaglianze di reddito. - Capitolo 3: La Finlandia ha attuato una riforma del suo intero sistema scolastico nel 1972. Oltre a tracciarne brevemente i contenuti, si è posto in evidenza come questo abbia inciso proprio sull’eguaglianza di opportunità, aumentando il tasso di crescita del Pil pro capite, riducendo l'elasticità del reddito intergenerazionale e aumentando il numero di studenti universitari iscritti. A conclusione dell’elaborato, sono state proposte alcune riflessioni e suggerimenti operativi che il nostro «sistema istruzione» dovrebbe attuare per poter risolvere le criticità emerse dai capitoli e promuovere una crescita economica trainata dal capitale umano.
Istruzione, eguaglianza di opportunità e diseguaglianza di reddito in Italia: la centralità e potenzialità del «sistema istruzione» per lo sviluppo socio-economico italiano.
CAPRIOTTI, ALESSIO
2020/2021
Abstract
The elaborate aims to demonstrate that the «Education system» is central to the socio-economic development of a country. The focus was placed on Italy. However, multiple comparisons are realized with other economic realities. It is the intention to suggest that the data, extrapolated and reworked by the writer, are tools considered fundamental and, therefore, widely used in the work: we proceeded, where possible, to always demonstrate what was stated with the support of statistical data. The goal was to outline a synthetic (and complete) picture of the Italian «Education System», to highlight its qualities, limits, and criticalities, to carry out an analysis on the population relating to some variables relating to schooling, and to compare these data with some statistical variables and indices relating to income inequality. Education and how it affects equality of opportunity and income inequality: this link between these "themes" was the subject of analysis. The first two chapters highlight this correlation; the third proposes a concrete case in which it is confirmed what argued in the previous chapters. In summary: - Chapter 1: Through logical arguments and with the support of theoretical models and statistical data, we tried to expose the double level of relationship that every school has, both internally and externally (environmental context), and the criticalities of these relations in the Italian context. It has been demonstrated that investments in Education are functional to income growth and to economic development of a Country. - Chapter 2: Equality is expressed in Article 3 of Italian constitution. We briefly tried to define its in economic terms and in terms of law (in particular, the concept of equality of opportunity), with the aim of better framing the phenomenon of income inequality. It was then shown that Education is a fundamental tool to accomplish the so-called social climbing and that, therefore, is functional to reduce income inequalities. - Chapter 3: Finland implemented a reform of his entire school system in 1972. In addition to briefly outlining its contents, it was highlighted how this affected, precisely the equality of opportunity, increasing the growth rate of GDP per capita, reducing the elasticity of intergenerational income, and increasing the number of university students enrolled. At the end of the paper, some reflections and operational suggestions were proposed that our «Education system» should implement to solve the critical issues that emerged from the chapters and promote economic growth driven by human capital.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Tesi di laurea triennale-Alessio Capriotti_1086838.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/127