Background Sudden cardiac arrest (CA) is a serious clinical emergency and the third leading cause of death in industrialised countries. It affects about 400,000 people each year in Europe and 65,000 in Italy with a mortality rate of about 90%. In 70% of cases, CA occurs in the presence of a third party who could initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) manoeuvres, but only in 15% of cases does this happen. Recent evidence supports the education of children in AC and CPR as an effective strategy to increase survival rates when CPR is not performed by healthcare professionals. Objective The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of a theoretical-practical course conducted by BLS-D instructors on the knowledge of a group of secondary school students on AC, CPR and AED. Materials and Methods An observational, pre-post intervention training study was conducted from April 2023 to June 2023 at the Istituto comprensivo "Margherita Hack" in Ancona (Marche, Italy). Three training sessions were carried out, involving the dissemination of theoretical content (AC, chain of survival, first aid and CPR), the projection of the '112-Where Are U' App commercial (by NUE 112 Marche-Umbria) and a simulation of cardiac massage on teaching dummies to music. Data on pre- (phase 1) and post-training (phase 2) knowledge were collected through an ad hoc questionnaire, adapted from a questionnaire available in the literature. Results 152 students with an average age of 11.8 (±0.84) years participated in the survey. The question in which there was a greater percentage increase in correct answers between phase 1 and phase 2 concerned the identification of 112 as a single emergency number [phase 1: 21.0%; phase 2: 96.9% (95% CI: 93.8%- 99.9%)]. Overall, statistically significant differences between the students' answers to the questionnaire before and after the training show an increase in knowledge regarding: (I) "the first thing to do in case of a person slumped to the ground (p<0.001)", (II) "the single number to call in an emergency (p<0.001), (III) "the usefulness of cardiac massage" (p<0. 001), (IV) "the correct speed of chest compressions to give good cardiac massage" (p<0.001), (V) "the correct depth of chest compressions to give good cardiac massage" (p<0.001), (VI) "the usefulness of the semi-automatic external defibrillator" (p<0.001). Discussion and Conclusions The results of this study suggest that the training strategy implemented has resulted in the expansion of secondary school students' knowledge of CA, CPR and AED. Specific training dedicated to this segment of the population not only increases students' knowledge and ability to perform CPR, but also improves social interactions through training with a strong practical component.
Background L’arresto cardiaco (AC) improvviso è una grave emergenza clinica che costituisce la terza causa di morte nei paesi industrializzati. Colpisce circa 400.000 persone ogni anno in Europa e 65.000 in Italia con un tasso di mortalità di circa il 90%. Nel 70% dei casi l’AC avviene in presenza di terzi che potrebbero iniziare le manovre di rianimazione cardiopolmonare (RCP) ma solo nel 15% dei casi questo avviene. Recenti evidenze supportano l’educazione dei bambini in materia di AC e RCP come strategia efficace per aumentare i tassi di sopravvivenza quando la RCP non viene eseguita da personale sanitario. Obiettivo L’obiettivo di questo studio è quello di valutare gli effetti di un corso teorico-pratico effettuato da operatori sanitari istruttori BLS-D sulle conoscenze di un gruppo di studenti frequentanti la scuola secondaria di primo grado in materia di AC, RCP e DAE. Materiali e Metodi È stato condotto uno studio osservazionale, pre-post intervento formativo, da aprile 2023 a giugno 2023 presso l’Istituto comprensivo “Margherita Hack” di Ancona (Marche, Italia). Sono state effettuate tre sessioni di formazione che prevedevano la divulgazione di contenuti teorici (AC, catena della sopravvivenza, primo soccorso e RCP), la proiezione dello spot dell’App “112-Where Are U” (a cura di NUE 112 Marche-Umbria) e una simulazione del massaggio cardiaco su manichini didattici a ritmo di musica. I dati sulle conoscenze pre (fase 1) e post-formazione (fase 2) sono stati raccolti attraverso un questionario realizzato ad hoc, adattato a partire da un questionario disponibile in letteratura. Risultati Hanno partecipato all’indagine 152 studenti con età media pari a 11.8 (±0.84) anni. La domanda in cui si è evidenziato un maggior aumento percentuale di risposte corrette tra la fase 1 e la fase 2 riguarda l’identificazione del 112 come numero unico di emergenza [fase 1: 21.0%; fase 2: 96.9% (IC 95%: 93.8%- 99.9%)]. Complessivamente, differenze statisticamente significative tra le risposte assegnate dagli studenti al questionario prima e dopo la formazione evidenziano un aumento delle conoscenze per quanto riguarda: (I)“la prima cosa da fare in caso di persona accasciata a terra (p<0.001)”, (II) “il numero unico da chiamare in caso di emergenza (p<0.001), (III) “l’utilità del massaggio cardiaco” (p<0.001), (IV) “la corretta velocità delle compressioni toraciche per esercitare un buon massaggio cardiaco (p<0.001), (V) “la corretta profondità delle compressioni toraciche per esercitare un buon massaggio cardiaco (p<0.001), (VI) “l’utilità del defibrillatore semiautomatico esterno” (p<0.001). Discussioni e Conclusioni I risultati di questo studio suggeriscono che la strategia formativa implementata ha consentito di ampliare le conoscenze degli studenti frequentanti la scuola secondaria di primo grado in materia di AC, RCP e DAE. Una formazione specifica dedicata a questa fascia della popolazione non solo aumenta le conoscenze degli studenti e la loro capacità di effettuare la RCP ma, contestualmente, migliora anche le interazioni sociali, attraverso una formazione caratterizzata da una forte componente pratica.
Formazione alla rianimazione cardiopolmonare e all'utilizzo del DAE in una scuola secondaria di primo grado: uno studio osservazionale
BORI, GABRIELE
2022/2023
Abstract
Background Sudden cardiac arrest (CA) is a serious clinical emergency and the third leading cause of death in industrialised countries. It affects about 400,000 people each year in Europe and 65,000 in Italy with a mortality rate of about 90%. In 70% of cases, CA occurs in the presence of a third party who could initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) manoeuvres, but only in 15% of cases does this happen. Recent evidence supports the education of children in AC and CPR as an effective strategy to increase survival rates when CPR is not performed by healthcare professionals. Objective The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of a theoretical-practical course conducted by BLS-D instructors on the knowledge of a group of secondary school students on AC, CPR and AED. Materials and Methods An observational, pre-post intervention training study was conducted from April 2023 to June 2023 at the Istituto comprensivo "Margherita Hack" in Ancona (Marche, Italy). Three training sessions were carried out, involving the dissemination of theoretical content (AC, chain of survival, first aid and CPR), the projection of the '112-Where Are U' App commercial (by NUE 112 Marche-Umbria) and a simulation of cardiac massage on teaching dummies to music. Data on pre- (phase 1) and post-training (phase 2) knowledge were collected through an ad hoc questionnaire, adapted from a questionnaire available in the literature. Results 152 students with an average age of 11.8 (±0.84) years participated in the survey. The question in which there was a greater percentage increase in correct answers between phase 1 and phase 2 concerned the identification of 112 as a single emergency number [phase 1: 21.0%; phase 2: 96.9% (95% CI: 93.8%- 99.9%)]. Overall, statistically significant differences between the students' answers to the questionnaire before and after the training show an increase in knowledge regarding: (I) "the first thing to do in case of a person slumped to the ground (p<0.001)", (II) "the single number to call in an emergency (p<0.001), (III) "the usefulness of cardiac massage" (p<0. 001), (IV) "the correct speed of chest compressions to give good cardiac massage" (p<0.001), (V) "the correct depth of chest compressions to give good cardiac massage" (p<0.001), (VI) "the usefulness of the semi-automatic external defibrillator" (p<0.001). Discussion and Conclusions The results of this study suggest that the training strategy implemented has resulted in the expansion of secondary school students' knowledge of CA, CPR and AED. Specific training dedicated to this segment of the population not only increases students' knowledge and ability to perform CPR, but also improves social interactions through training with a strong practical component.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/15814