The epitranscriptomic modification N-6-methyladenosine (m6A) influences several aspects of mRNA metabolism, including alternative splicing. In fact, reading proteins, which recognize and bind m6A, can also bind splicing factors. Deregulation of m6A causes RNA metabolic disorders and has been observed in several types of human pathologies, especially in cancer. Mutations that occur at the level of the splicing regulatory sequences of oncogenic and tumor suppressor genes, at the level of genes coding for splicing factors, proteins that are part of the spliceosome complex, proteins that intervene in the addition or removal of the methyl code, produce isoforms that generate tumor-specific malignant phenotypes. Among the proteins that form the methyltransferase complex, or MTC, there are some in particular whose expression is deregulated in breast cancer cells. Among these: VIRMA and METTL3. Genes carrying specific alternative splicing signatures produce functionally divergent isoforms that may represent diagnostic and/or prognostic markers and on which targeted therapeutic strategies can be based.
La modifica epitrascrittomica N-6-metiladenosina (m6A) influenza diversi aspetti del metabolismo dell’mRNA, tra cui lo splicing alternativo. Infatti, le proteine lettrici, che riconoscono e legano m6A, possono legare a loro volta i fattori di splicing. Una de-regolazione di m6A causa disordini metabolici dell’RNA ed è stata osservata in diversi tipi di patologie umane, specialmente nel cancro. Mutazioni che avvengono a livello delle sequenze regolative di splicing di geni oncogeni e oncosoppressori, a livello di geni codificanti per fattori di splicing, proteine che fanno parte del complesso dello spliceosoma, proteine che intervengono nell’aggiunta o rimozione del codice metilico, producono isoforme che generano fenotipi maligni tumore-specifici. Tra le proteine che formano il complesso metiltrasferasico, o MTC, ce ne sono alcune in particolare la cui espressione è de-regolata nelle cellule cancerose del seno. Tra queste: VIRMA e METTL3. Geni che portano firme di splicing alternativo specifiche producono isoforme a divergenza funzionale che possono rappresentare marker diagostici e o prognostici e sulle quali si possono basare strategie terapeutiche mirate.
Interazione tra modificazioni post-trascrizionali e splicing alternativo di mRNA in cellule di cancro al seno: la regolazione della N-6-metiladenosina.
MARIANO, MARINA
2023/2024
Abstract
The epitranscriptomic modification N-6-methyladenosine (m6A) influences several aspects of mRNA metabolism, including alternative splicing. In fact, reading proteins, which recognize and bind m6A, can also bind splicing factors. Deregulation of m6A causes RNA metabolic disorders and has been observed in several types of human pathologies, especially in cancer. Mutations that occur at the level of the splicing regulatory sequences of oncogenic and tumor suppressor genes, at the level of genes coding for splicing factors, proteins that are part of the spliceosome complex, proteins that intervene in the addition or removal of the methyl code, produce isoforms that generate tumor-specific malignant phenotypes. Among the proteins that form the methyltransferase complex, or MTC, there are some in particular whose expression is deregulated in breast cancer cells. Among these: VIRMA and METTL3. Genes carrying specific alternative splicing signatures produce functionally divergent isoforms that may represent diagnostic and/or prognostic markers and on which targeted therapeutic strategies can be based.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/19022