It has been suggested that exposure to environmental pollutants may negatively affect male fertility. Molecular techniques, integrated with sperm analysis, can provide additional information on the fertilizing potential of spermatozoa. The study was conducted on the semen of 33 young healthy men, from two areas with opposite environmental impact: the Land of Fires, with a high environmental impact, and the Valle delle Terre del Sele, with a low environmental impact. Through miRNA profiling and analyses of sperm nuclear basic proteins (SNBP), it was observed that the samples of the subjects from the most polluted area present a higher concentration of round cells, a lower protamine/histone ratio, a reduced capacity of SNBP to protect DNA from oxidative damage and an altered copper/zinc ratio. Sperm motility and concentration are, however, comparable between the samples from the two sites. It was also observed that the expression levels of 32 miRNAs, involved in intraflagellar transport, response to oxidative stress and spermatogenesis, are different between the two areas. Thanks to this study it was possible to detect a clear correlation between pollution and fertility. The use of molecular techniques has provided new information on epigenetic alterations in spermatozoa caused by pollution, not detectable by spermiogram.
È stato suggerito che l’esposizione agli inquinanti ambientali possa influenzare negativamente la fertilità maschile. Le tecniche molecolari, integrate alle analisi dello spermiogramma, possono fornire informazioni aggiuntive sul potenziale fertilizzante degli spermatozoi. Lo studio è stato condotto sul seme di 33 giovani uomini sani, provenienti da due aree ad impatto ambientale opposto: la Terra dei fuochi, ad elevato impatto ambientale, e la Valle delle Terre del Sele, a basso impatto ambientale. Attraverso la profilazione dei miRNA e le analisi sulle proteine basiche nucleari spermatiche (SNBP), è stato osservato che i campioni dei soggetti dell’area maggiormente inquinata presentano una maggiore concentrazione di cellule rotonde, un rapporto protamina/istone inferiore, una ridotta capacità delle SNBP di proteggere il DNA dal danno ossidativo e un rapporto rame/zinco alterato. Motilità e concentrazione spermatica sono, invece, comparabili tra i campioni dei due siti. È stato inoltre osservato che i livelli di espressione di 32 miRNA, coinvolti in trasporto intraflagellare, risposta allo stress ossidativo e spermatogenesi, sono diversi tra le due aree. Grazie a questo studio è stato possibile rilevare una chiara correlazione tra inquinamento e fertilità. L’impiego delle tecniche molecolari ha fornito nuove informazioni sulle alterazioni epigenetiche spermatiche causate dall’inquinamento, non rilevabili tramite lo spermiogramma.
ESPOSIZIONE AMBIENTALE E SALUTE RIPRODUTTIVA: GLI EFFETTI NOCIVI DEGLI INQUINANTI SULLA SPERMATOGENESI E SULLA FERTILITÀ MASCHILE
RAZZANO, ALESSIA
2023/2024
Abstract
It has been suggested that exposure to environmental pollutants may negatively affect male fertility. Molecular techniques, integrated with sperm analysis, can provide additional information on the fertilizing potential of spermatozoa. The study was conducted on the semen of 33 young healthy men, from two areas with opposite environmental impact: the Land of Fires, with a high environmental impact, and the Valle delle Terre del Sele, with a low environmental impact. Through miRNA profiling and analyses of sperm nuclear basic proteins (SNBP), it was observed that the samples of the subjects from the most polluted area present a higher concentration of round cells, a lower protamine/histone ratio, a reduced capacity of SNBP to protect DNA from oxidative damage and an altered copper/zinc ratio. Sperm motility and concentration are, however, comparable between the samples from the two sites. It was also observed that the expression levels of 32 miRNAs, involved in intraflagellar transport, response to oxidative stress and spermatogenesis, are different between the two areas. Thanks to this study it was possible to detect a clear correlation between pollution and fertility. The use of molecular techniques has provided new information on epigenetic alterations in spermatozoa caused by pollution, not detectable by spermiogram.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Tesi definitiva (titolo italiano e inglese)- Alessia Razzano.pdf
embargo fino al 24/04/2026
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/19088