This thesis analyzes the lifecycle of construction and demolition (C&D) waste, from its production to its reuse as recycled aggregates in the construction sector. The regulatory framework, both at the national level (D.Lgs. 152/2006) and the European level (Directive 2008/98/EC), introduces the concept of “End of Waste,” defining the conditions under which waste ceases to be considered as such following recovery processes. The study details the stages of management and treatment of C&D waste, demonstrating how proper selection and processing can lead to the production of recycled aggregates, thereby reducing the need for virgin raw materials. A case study involving the demolition of buildings in Castelsantangelo sul Nera, a town affected by the 2016 earthquake, exemplifies the complete process, from demolition to the recovery of inert materials. The debris was processed at a recovery plant, showcasing the effectiveness of the treatment cycle and the potential to produce quality aggregates in line with circular economy principles. The thesis also highlights the technical regulations for CE certification of recycled aggregates, such as UNI EN 13242:2008 for road sub-bases and UNI EN 12620:2008 for concrete. The analysis revealed that aggregates derived from mixed demolition waste (EER 170904) meet the standards for use in road sub-bases but are not suitable for concrete production. However, further sorting processes for waste (EER 170101) allowed the production of aggregates that comply with concrete standards, thus initiating the process for CE certification. In conclusion, the thesis demonstrates that the quality of recycled aggregates is closely linked to the nature of the original waste. A careful preliminary sorting process can optimize recycling operations, enabling the production of materials suitable for various uses, depending on their microstructural characteristics.
Questa tesi analizza il percorso dei rifiuti da costruzione e demolizione (C&D), dalla loro produzione fino al riutilizzo come aggregati riciclati nel settore edile. Il quadro normativo di riferimento, a livello nazionale (D.Lgs. 152/2006) e comunitario (Direttiva 2008/98/CE), introduce il concetto di “End of Waste”, ovvero le condizioni che permettono ai rifiuti di cessare di essere tali attraverso processi di recupero. Il lavoro esamina nel dettaglio le fasi di gestione e trattamento dei rifiuti C&D, dimostrando come un’adeguata selezione e lavorazione possano portare alla produzione di aggregati riciclati, riducendo l’uso di materie prime vergini. Attraverso un case study riguardante la demolizione di edifici a Castelsantangelo sul Nera, colpito dal sisma del 2016, si analizza il processo completo di demolizione e recupero inerti. Le macerie prodotte sono state trattate presso un impianto di recupero, dimostrando l’efficacia del ciclo di trattamento e la possibilità di ottenere aggregati di qualità, in linea con i principi dell’economia circolare. Il lavoro evidenzia anche le normative tecniche per la certificazione CE degli aggregati riciclati, come la UNI EN 13242:2008 per sottofondi stradali e la UNI EN 12620:2008 per calcestruzzi. L’analisi ha mostrato che gli aggregati derivanti dai rifiuti misti (EER 170904) sono conformi per l’uso in sottofondi stradali, ma non idonei per calcestruzzi. Tuttavia, ulteriori processi di selezione dei rifiuti (EER 170101) hanno permesso di ottenere aggregati conformi ai requisiti per il calcestruzzo, avviando così l’iter per la certificazione CE. In conclusione, la tesi dimostra che la qualità degli aggregati riciclati è fortemente legata alla natura del rifiuto d’origine e che una cernita accurata può ottimizzare il processo di riciclo, consentendo la produzione di materiali destinabili a diversi utilizzi.
Studio per la realizzazione di un aggregato riciclato, ecosostenibile e conforme alla marcatura CE destinato a opere strutturali in edilizia.
BASILI, PAOLO
2023/2024
Abstract
This thesis analyzes the lifecycle of construction and demolition (C&D) waste, from its production to its reuse as recycled aggregates in the construction sector. The regulatory framework, both at the national level (D.Lgs. 152/2006) and the European level (Directive 2008/98/EC), introduces the concept of “End of Waste,” defining the conditions under which waste ceases to be considered as such following recovery processes. The study details the stages of management and treatment of C&D waste, demonstrating how proper selection and processing can lead to the production of recycled aggregates, thereby reducing the need for virgin raw materials. A case study involving the demolition of buildings in Castelsantangelo sul Nera, a town affected by the 2016 earthquake, exemplifies the complete process, from demolition to the recovery of inert materials. The debris was processed at a recovery plant, showcasing the effectiveness of the treatment cycle and the potential to produce quality aggregates in line with circular economy principles. The thesis also highlights the technical regulations for CE certification of recycled aggregates, such as UNI EN 13242:2008 for road sub-bases and UNI EN 12620:2008 for concrete. The analysis revealed that aggregates derived from mixed demolition waste (EER 170904) meet the standards for use in road sub-bases but are not suitable for concrete production. However, further sorting processes for waste (EER 170101) allowed the production of aggregates that comply with concrete standards, thus initiating the process for CE certification. In conclusion, the thesis demonstrates that the quality of recycled aggregates is closely linked to the nature of the original waste. A careful preliminary sorting process can optimize recycling operations, enabling the production of materials suitable for various uses, depending on their microstructural characteristics.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/19269