This thesis arises from the idea of drawing attention to the possibility of innovate, or rather, implement the Italian seismic building process taking the Fema P-58 methodology, based on performance design, as a model. The Italian regulatory system, the NCT 2018, continues to align itself with the Eurocodes, increasingly pursuing a character that aims to be performance-based rather than prescriptive. A pursuit which naturally must face the fact that the Rules in question, being binding on Italian territory, cannot avoid having a fundamentally prescriptive character. What is missing in the legislation are guidelines regarding the conception phase of the design process and the retrieval of data, data that can be useful for the purpose of an a priori evaluation of the construction and management costs of the entire building throughout the entire construction cycle. life and to deal with emergencies, such as an earthquake. Or again, an inventory of data relating to the intensities of the various earthquakes that occurred in a given area so as to be able to already estimate any damage to structural and non-structural components. From this perspective, in 2017 a step forward was made in Italian legislation and more precisely with the Ministerial Decree. number 65 of 03/07/2017. In particular, Annex A of the Decree consists of the "Guidelines for the classification of seismic risk of buildings". The innovative aspect of this approach lies in associating each limit state with damage and, to the latter, an economic cost. The seismic risk is therefore evaluated from the point of view of the possible economic loss. Another important innovative aspect was the introduction of the role of the client, who must be clearly informed of what the risk index (expressed in Ministerial Decree 65/2018) represents. Precisely these last two aspects, i.e. the role of the client and the economic analysis, fall within the performance-based planning that FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency) deals with. FEMA uses Performance-Based Seismic Design (PBSD) which relies on an evaluation of a building's design to determine the likelihood of experiencing different types of losses, considering the range of potential earthquakes that could affect the structure. This type of performance approach implies that the designer is able to translate the needs expressed by clients and end users in terms of behavior and performance requirements required of the building and its parts. For the practical implementation of the methodology, the work included the development of an electronic tool, called the Performance Assessment Calculation Tool, or PACT, to help acquire building inventory data, enter a given shaking probability or intensity seismic, apply fragility and specific consequences to each component of the building and present the results of a large number of analyzes or realizations in a logical format. In this paper I started from the Italian seismic scenario and from the various design phases of our prescriptive system, we then analyze in more detail, in the first part, the cost analysis in the preliminary, design and life cycle phases of the building, and in the second part, the problems related to structural irregularities and the FEMA P-58 approach are analyzed. In the third part we bring the case study of the new Hoje Taastrup municipality in Denmark, of which the centers of mass and stiffness in the various floors were studied, to draw attention to the fact that it is possible, with a calculation program, do data inventory work, as the FEMA model teaches us.
Questa tesi nasce dall’idea di porre l’attenzione sulla possibilità di innovare, o meglio, implementare il processo edilizio sismico italiano prendendo come modello la metodologia Fema P-58, basata sulla progettazione prestazionale. L’impianto normativo italiano, le NCT 2018, continuano ad allinearsi agli Eurocodici perseguendo sempre più un carattere che vuole essere prestazionale piuttosto che prescrittivo. Perseguimento che naturalmente deve fronteggiare il fatto che le Norme in questione, essendo cogenti sul territorio italiano, non possono esimersi dall’avere un carattere fondamentalmente prescrittivo. Ciò che manca in normativa sono delle linee guida riguardo la fase di concezione del processo progettuale e reperimento di dati, dati che possono essere utili al fine di una valutazione a priori dei costi di realizzazione e di gestione dell’intero fabbricato in tutto il ciclo di vita e per fronteggiare emergenze, quali ad esempio un sisma. O ancora, un inventario di dati relativo alle intensità delle varie scosse di terremoto che si sono susseguite in una determinata area così da poter già stimare danni eventuali ai componenti strutturali e non strutturali. In quest’ottica nel 2017 è stato fatto un passo avanti nella normativa italiana e più precisamente con il D.M. numero 65 del 07/03/2017. In particolare, l’allegato A del Decreto è costituito dalle “Linee guida per la classificazione del rischio sismico delle costruzioni”. L’aspetto innovativo di questo approccio sta nell’associare ad ogni stato limite un danno e, a quest’ultimo, un costo economico. Il rischio sismico è quindi valutato dal punto di vista della possibile perdita economica. Un altro importante aspetto innovativo è stata l’introduzione del ruolo del committente, il quale deve essere informato in modo chiaro di ciò che l’indice di rischio (espresso nel D.M. 65/2018) rappresenta. Proprio questi due ultimi aspetti, ovvero il ruolo del committente e l’analisi economica, rientrano nella progettazione di tipo prestazionale di cui si occupa FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency). FEMA utilizza il Performance-Based Seismic Design (PBSD) che si basa su una valutazione della progettazione di un edificio per determinare la probabilità di subire diversi tipi di perdite, considerando la gamma di potenziali terremoti che potrebbero interessare la struttura. Questo tipo di approccio prestazionale implica che il progettista sai in grado di tradurre le esigenze espresse da committenti e utenti finali in termini di requisiti di comportamento e prestazioni richieste all’edificio e alle sue parti. Per l'implementazione pratica della metodologia, il lavoro ha incluso lo sviluppo di uno strumento elettronico, denominato Strumento di calcolo della valutazione delle prestazioni, o PACT, per aiutare ad acquisire i dati di inventario degli edifici, immettere una data probabilità o intensità di scossa sismica, applicare fragilità e conseguenze specifiche a ciascun componente dell'edificio e presentare i risultati di un gran numero di analisi o realizzazioni in un formato logico. In questo elaborato sono partita dallo scenario sismico italiano e dalle varie fasi di progettazione del nostro sistema prescrittivo si vanno poi ad analizzare più nel dettaglio, nella prima parte, l’analisi dei costi in fase preliminare, di progettazione e di ciclo di vita dell’edificio, e nella seconda parte, si vanno ad analizzare le problematiche legate alle irregolarità strutturali e all’approccio di FEMA P-58. Nella terza parte si porta il caso studio studio del nuovo municipio Hoje Taastrup in Danimarca, di cui sono stati studiati i centri di massa e di rigidezza nei vari piani, per catturare l’attenzione sul fatto che è possibile, con un programma di calcolo, fare un lavoro di inventario di dati, come ci insegna il modello FEMA.
Strumenti di supporto per il Design Management La metodologia Fema P-58
GIANNOTTA, GIULIA
2023/2024
Abstract
This thesis arises from the idea of drawing attention to the possibility of innovate, or rather, implement the Italian seismic building process taking the Fema P-58 methodology, based on performance design, as a model. The Italian regulatory system, the NCT 2018, continues to align itself with the Eurocodes, increasingly pursuing a character that aims to be performance-based rather than prescriptive. A pursuit which naturally must face the fact that the Rules in question, being binding on Italian territory, cannot avoid having a fundamentally prescriptive character. What is missing in the legislation are guidelines regarding the conception phase of the design process and the retrieval of data, data that can be useful for the purpose of an a priori evaluation of the construction and management costs of the entire building throughout the entire construction cycle. life and to deal with emergencies, such as an earthquake. Or again, an inventory of data relating to the intensities of the various earthquakes that occurred in a given area so as to be able to already estimate any damage to structural and non-structural components. From this perspective, in 2017 a step forward was made in Italian legislation and more precisely with the Ministerial Decree. number 65 of 03/07/2017. In particular, Annex A of the Decree consists of the "Guidelines for the classification of seismic risk of buildings". The innovative aspect of this approach lies in associating each limit state with damage and, to the latter, an economic cost. The seismic risk is therefore evaluated from the point of view of the possible economic loss. Another important innovative aspect was the introduction of the role of the client, who must be clearly informed of what the risk index (expressed in Ministerial Decree 65/2018) represents. Precisely these last two aspects, i.e. the role of the client and the economic analysis, fall within the performance-based planning that FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency) deals with. FEMA uses Performance-Based Seismic Design (PBSD) which relies on an evaluation of a building's design to determine the likelihood of experiencing different types of losses, considering the range of potential earthquakes that could affect the structure. This type of performance approach implies that the designer is able to translate the needs expressed by clients and end users in terms of behavior and performance requirements required of the building and its parts. For the practical implementation of the methodology, the work included the development of an electronic tool, called the Performance Assessment Calculation Tool, or PACT, to help acquire building inventory data, enter a given shaking probability or intensity seismic, apply fragility and specific consequences to each component of the building and present the results of a large number of analyzes or realizations in a logical format. In this paper I started from the Italian seismic scenario and from the various design phases of our prescriptive system, we then analyze in more detail, in the first part, the cost analysis in the preliminary, design and life cycle phases of the building, and in the second part, the problems related to structural irregularities and the FEMA P-58 approach are analyzed. In the third part we bring the case study of the new Hoje Taastrup municipality in Denmark, of which the centers of mass and stiffness in the various floors were studied, to draw attention to the fact that it is possible, with a calculation program, do data inventory work, as the FEMA model teaches us.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/19332