Cardiovascular monitoring through sensors represents advanced technology that allows continuous and non-invasive tracking of various heart and cardiovascular system parameters. Using the Fourth Frontier X sensor, constant monitoring can be performed on athletes during training sessions, recording the electrocardiogram trace and collecting physiological parameters such as heart rate, heart rate variability, and respiratory rate. This work focuses on cardiovascular monitoring in four boxers, a particularly intense sport in which the risk of fatigue and extreme exertion can put significant pressure on the athlete’s cardiovascular system. Following a data acquisition protocol of three different recordings with increasing cardiovascular strain, data were collected through the sensor with the aim of highlighting any anomalies and relevant physiological and physical information in different situations. This is intended to prevent cardiovascular and heart issues, improving athlete safety during their training and competitions. Thanks to the results of the parameters obtained from the Fourth Frontier X, a database was created to analyze each athlete's performance and cardiovascular and respiratory health. Additionally, correlations between the parameters were observed, showing no correlation for respiratory rate, while a negative correlation was found for heart rate in relation to years of training. This confirms that a more trained athlete tends to have a lower heart rate and better recovery from exertion. The results obtained provide a useful basis for future research, both to optimize health monitoring of athletes and to further study the relationship between physiological parameters and sports performance, with the goal of ensuring greater safety in sports, especially through wearable sensors. Therefore, this study will provide an overview of the cardiovascular system, analyzing the anatomy of the heart, the cardiac cycle, and the electrical conduction system. Fundamental information about the electrocardiogram will also be provided to explain the interpretation of the heart's electrical activity and the parameters used to identify potential heart conditions. Finally, the importance of wearable sensors in athletes' monitoring will be emphasized to better understand the core focus of the work.
Il monitoraggio cardiovascolare tramite sensori rappresenta una tecnologia avanzata che consente di tenere sotto controllo, in modo continuo e non invasivo, diversi parametri del cuore e del sistema cardiovascolare. Utilizzando il sensore Fourth Frontier X, è possibile eseguire un monitoraggio costante sugli atleti durante le sessioni di allenamento, registrando il tracciato elettrocardiografico e raccogliendo i parametri fisiologici come la frequenza cardiaca, la variazione del battito cardiaco e la frequenza respiratoria. Il presente lavoro si concentra nel monitoraggio cardiovascolare di quattro pugili, uno sport particolarmente intenso nel quale il rischio di affaticamento e sforzi estremi può sottoporre il sistema cardiaco dell’atleta a una forte pressione. Seguendo un protocollo di acquisizione di tre diverse rilevazioni con uno sforzo cardiaco crescente, sono stati raccolti tramite il sensore dei dati con l’obiettivo di mettere in evidenza eventuali anomalie e informazioni fisiologiche e fisiche rilevanti in situazioni differenti, con l’intento di poter prevenire sui problemi cardiaci e cardiovascolari, migliorando la sicurezza degli atleti durante i loro allenamenti e competizioni. Grazie ai risultati dei parametri ottenuti dal Fourth Frontier X si è costruito un database utile all’analisi delle performance e della salute cardiaca e respiratoria di ciascun atleta. Inoltre, si sono osservate le esistenze di correlazioni tra i parametri ottenendo per la frequenza respiratoria la correlazione nulla, mentre per la frequenza cardiaca una correlazione negativa in relazione con gli anni di allenamento confermando che un atleta più allenato tende ad avere una frequenza cardiaca minore e un recupero migliore dall’affanno. I risultati ottenuti costituiscono una base utile per approfondimenti futuri, sia per ottimizzare il monitoraggio della salute degli atleti, sia per studiare ulteriormente la relazione tra parametri fisiologici e prestazioni sportive, con l’obiettivo di garantire una maggiore sicurezza negli sport, soprattutto grazie ai sensori indossabili. Quindi, lo studio, fornirà una panoramica del sistema cardiovascolare, analizzando l'anatomia del cuore, il ciclo cardiaco e il sistema di conduzione elettrica. Verranno fornite inoltre informazioni fondamentali sull'elettrocardiogramma, con lo scopo di spiegare l’interpretazione dell’attività elettrica del cuore e i parametri utili per identificare eventuali patologie cardiache. Infine, verrà sottolineata l'importanza del monitoraggio tramite sensori indossabili negli atleti per avere una comprensione migliore dell’obiettivo in cui si concentra il lavoro.
COSTRUZIONE DI UN DATABASE DI SEGNALI CARDIOVASCOLARI DURANTE LA BOXE ATTRAVERSO SENSORI INDOSSABILI
VIGNATI, GIAN LORENZO
2023/2024
Abstract
Cardiovascular monitoring through sensors represents advanced technology that allows continuous and non-invasive tracking of various heart and cardiovascular system parameters. Using the Fourth Frontier X sensor, constant monitoring can be performed on athletes during training sessions, recording the electrocardiogram trace and collecting physiological parameters such as heart rate, heart rate variability, and respiratory rate. This work focuses on cardiovascular monitoring in four boxers, a particularly intense sport in which the risk of fatigue and extreme exertion can put significant pressure on the athlete’s cardiovascular system. Following a data acquisition protocol of three different recordings with increasing cardiovascular strain, data were collected through the sensor with the aim of highlighting any anomalies and relevant physiological and physical information in different situations. This is intended to prevent cardiovascular and heart issues, improving athlete safety during their training and competitions. Thanks to the results of the parameters obtained from the Fourth Frontier X, a database was created to analyze each athlete's performance and cardiovascular and respiratory health. Additionally, correlations between the parameters were observed, showing no correlation for respiratory rate, while a negative correlation was found for heart rate in relation to years of training. This confirms that a more trained athlete tends to have a lower heart rate and better recovery from exertion. The results obtained provide a useful basis for future research, both to optimize health monitoring of athletes and to further study the relationship between physiological parameters and sports performance, with the goal of ensuring greater safety in sports, especially through wearable sensors. Therefore, this study will provide an overview of the cardiovascular system, analyzing the anatomy of the heart, the cardiac cycle, and the electrical conduction system. Fundamental information about the electrocardiogram will also be provided to explain the interpretation of the heart's electrical activity and the parameters used to identify potential heart conditions. Finally, the importance of wearable sensors in athletes' monitoring will be emphasized to better understand the core focus of the work.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/19462