Background and objective: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a degenerative disease that affects daily life activities, movement, breathing and speech. The most common alteration in language is dysarthria, which extends to various domains such as phonation, respiration, articulation, resonance, prosody, intelligibility. The present literature review aims to research tools and methods of instrumental analysis of the kinematic characteristics of speech, in the population of subjects with dysarthria resulting from ALS, and to identify their applicability in the clinical field. Materials and methods: A literature review was carried out (reference period: 2020-2024) through the consultation of three different databases: CINHAL, PubMED and SCOPUS. The studies were selected on the basis of the default inclusion and exclusion criteria; data relating to kinematic parameter analysis methods were then extracted. The clinical and technical results were discussed individually and then argued through a thematic analysis. Results: At the end of the selection process, 22 articles were included, related to kinematic parameters, which are the subject of this article. Through the review, instrumental evaluation methods were identified, mainly relying on electromagnetic tracking systems and video recording devices, with a notable presence of applications for smartphones and laptops. The tasks required are mainly oral production, repetition, reading and oral, verbal and non-verbal diadokinesis. A detailed analysis of kinematic parameters has emerged, through deficit-specific tasks and movement detection, which are able to identify deficits in the early stages of language decline or even in the phase preceding the onset of the disorder. The work’s limitations are also discussed; these are mainly related to the reduced number of samples and domains investigated. Conclusions: The proposed tasks and devices implemented in the detection of speech kinematic parameters, in disartric subjects suffering from ALS, are multiple and applicable to different contexts, research, clinical and/or home. Despite the critical points and limitations found in the different studies. The review of literature shows that the instrumental systems for detecting kinematic parameters inherent in speech can identify deficits in the early stages of linguistic decline or even in the phase preceding the onset of the disorder. This result is a step forward in clinical research, as it has the potential to support therapeutic choices and help prompt intervention.
Background e obiettivo: La sclerosi laterale amiotrofica (SLA) è una patologia degenerativa che compromette le attività di vita quotidiana, il movimento, la respirazione e il linguaggio. La più comune alterazione a livello linguistico è la disartria, che si estende a vari domini, quali fonazione, respirazione, articolazione, risonanza, prosodia, intelligibilità. La presente revisione della letteratura si pone l’obiettivo di ricercare gli strumenti e le metodiche di analisi strumentale delle caratteristiche cinematiche dello speech, nella popolazione di soggetti con disartria conseguente a SLA, e di rilevarne l’applicabilità in ambito clinico. Materiali e metodi:È stata effettuata una revisione della letteratura (periodo di riferimento: 2020-2024) attraverso la consultazione di tre differenti banche dati: CINHAL, PubMED e SCOPUS. Gli studi sono stati selezionati sulla base dei criteri di inclusione ed esclusione predefiniti; è stata, quindi, eseguita l’estrazione dei dati inerenti alle metodiche di analisi dei parametri cinematici. I risultati clinici e tecnici rilevati sono stati discussi singolarmente e poi argomentati attraverso un’analisi tematica. Risultati: Al termine del processo di selezione, sono stati inclusi 22 articoli, inerenti ai parametri cinematici, oggetto della presente trattazione. Attraverso la revisione, sono state rilevate metodiche di valutazione strumentale fondate principalmente su sistemi di tracciamento elettromagnetico e dispositivi atti alla videoregistrazione; si evidenzia anche la presenza di applicazioni per smartphone e laptop. I compiti richiesti riguardano principalmente task di produzione verbale orale, ripetizione, lettura e diadococinesi orale, verbale e non verbale. È emersa una dettagliata analisi dei parametri cinematici, attraverso task deficit-specifici e rilevazione del movimento, che si rivelano capaci di identificare deficit nelle fasi precoci di declino linguistico o addirittura nella fase antecedente alla comparsa del disturbo. Si evidenziano altresì importanti limitazioni, relative alla ridotta numerosità dei campioni e dei domini indagati. Conclusioni: I task proposti e i device implementati nella rilevazione dei parametri cinematici dello speech, in soggetti disartrici affetti da SLA, sono molteplici e applicabili a diversi contesti, di ricerca, clinici e/o domiciliari. Nonostante le criticità e le limitazioni riscontrate nei diversi studi, dalla revisione della letteratura emerge che i sistemi strumentali di rilevazione dei parametri cinematici inerenti allo speech si mostrano capaci di identificare deficit nelle fasi precoci di declino linguistico o addirittura nella fase antecedente alla comparsa del disturbo. Questo risultato costituisce un progresso nell’ambito della ricerca clinica, poiché è potenzialmente in grado di influenzare le scelte terapeutiche, favorendo la tempestività dell’intervento.
La valutazione strumentale della disartria: focus sui parametri cinematici in soggetti affetti da sclerosi laterale amiotrofica.
LUZI, SARA
2023/2024
Abstract
Background and objective: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a degenerative disease that affects daily life activities, movement, breathing and speech. The most common alteration in language is dysarthria, which extends to various domains such as phonation, respiration, articulation, resonance, prosody, intelligibility. The present literature review aims to research tools and methods of instrumental analysis of the kinematic characteristics of speech, in the population of subjects with dysarthria resulting from ALS, and to identify their applicability in the clinical field. Materials and methods: A literature review was carried out (reference period: 2020-2024) through the consultation of three different databases: CINHAL, PubMED and SCOPUS. The studies were selected on the basis of the default inclusion and exclusion criteria; data relating to kinematic parameter analysis methods were then extracted. The clinical and technical results were discussed individually and then argued through a thematic analysis. Results: At the end of the selection process, 22 articles were included, related to kinematic parameters, which are the subject of this article. Through the review, instrumental evaluation methods were identified, mainly relying on electromagnetic tracking systems and video recording devices, with a notable presence of applications for smartphones and laptops. The tasks required are mainly oral production, repetition, reading and oral, verbal and non-verbal diadokinesis. A detailed analysis of kinematic parameters has emerged, through deficit-specific tasks and movement detection, which are able to identify deficits in the early stages of language decline or even in the phase preceding the onset of the disorder. The work’s limitations are also discussed; these are mainly related to the reduced number of samples and domains investigated. Conclusions: The proposed tasks and devices implemented in the detection of speech kinematic parameters, in disartric subjects suffering from ALS, are multiple and applicable to different contexts, research, clinical and/or home. Despite the critical points and limitations found in the different studies. The review of literature shows that the instrumental systems for detecting kinematic parameters inherent in speech can identify deficits in the early stages of linguistic decline or even in the phase preceding the onset of the disorder. This result is a step forward in clinical research, as it has the potential to support therapeutic choices and help prompt intervention.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/19651