The economic system, focused and developed on human activities, requires the use of natural resources. The balance between the economic sphere and the environmental sphere began to be compromised after the change, due to the industrialization, of the production processes which introduced a model of economic growth focused on the consumption of large quantities of goods and still today at the basis of the 'economy. The industrial revolution, between the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, outlined what we now call a "linear" economy, organized according to the "take, do, throw" model. Over time we have seen the linear economy create different consequences both on the environmental and social level. Consumption in large quantities, urbanization and global transport have contributed to producing disconcerting effects on the natural world and ours. It is in this perspective that the circular economy is born which, by its nature, is a recovery economy. It is not so much about "doing more with less" but, rather, doing more with what we already have. In the following work, starting precisely from the concept of circular economy, a central theme in the course of "Technologies applied to the treatment of solid waste", attention is focused on the need to characterize and study some waste products from industrial processes with the aim of transform them into raw materials and / or resources in other production cycles, in our case photocatalysis. Air pollution is a crucial point for the health of man and our planet. In an attempt to improve environmental conditions, research has been undertaken to develop innovative and environmentally friendly processes and technologies that purify the gaseous emissions of industrial origin or produced by vehicles, using sunlight, a renewable and clean source of energy. The new materials capable of "eating" organic and inorganic air pollutants apply the photocatalysis process, which consists in the use of solid semiconductors capable of oxidizing harmful substances until complete mineralization. In this context, photocatalysis applied to construction materials could turn into a very interesting solution, so much so that it became an integral part of the strategy aimed at reducing environmental pollution. The protagonist of this process is titanium dioxide (TiO2), accompanied by traditional support materials. The idea of our work is to go and study our waste products from different industrial processes with the aim of being able to use them right in the process of photocatalysis as substrates, of recycling, which can bind with titanium dioxide to create the photocatalytic mixture.
Il sistema economico, incentrato e sviluppato sulle attività dell’uomo, richiede l’utilizzo di risorse naturali. L’equilibrio tra la sfera economica e la sfera ambientale ha cominciato ad essere compromesso dopo il cambiamento, dovuto all’industrializzazione, dei processi produttivi che ha introdotto un modello di crescita economica incentrata sul consumo di grandi quantità di beni e ancora oggi alla base dell’economia. La rivoluzione industriale, tra il Settecento e i primi dell’Ottocento, ha delineato quella che oggi definiamo un’economia “lineare”, organizzata secondo il modello “prendere, fare, gettare”. Nel corso del tempo abbiamo visto l’economia lineare creare diverse conseguenze sia sul piano ambientale che sociale. Il consumo in grandi quantità, l’urbanizzazione e il trasporto globale hanno contributo a produrre effetti sconcertanti sul mondo naturale e sul nostro. E’ in quest’ottica che nasce l’economia circolare che, per sua natura, è un’economia di recupero. Non si tratta tanto di “fare di più con meno” ma, piuttosto, di fare di più con ciò di cui già disponiamo. Nel lavoro che segue, partendo appunto dal concetto di economia circolare, tematica centrale nel corso di “Tecnologie applicate al trattamento dei rifiuti solidi”, si focalizza l’attenzione sulla necessità di caratterizzare e studiare alcuni prodotti di scarto da processi industriali con il fine di trasformarli in materie prime e/o risorse in altri cicli produttivi, nel nostro caso la fotocatalisi. L’inquinamento atmosferico è un punto cruciale per la salute dell’uomo e del nostro pianeta. Nel tentativo di migliorare le condizioni ambientali, si sono intraprese ricerche per lo sviluppo di processi e tecnologie innovative ecocompatibili che purifichino le emissioni gassose di origine industriale o prodotte da veicoli, utilizzando la luce solare, fonte rinnovabile e pulita di energia. I nuovi materiali in grado di “mangiare” gli inquinanti atmosferici organici e inorganici applicano il processo della fotocatalisi, che consiste nell’uso di semiconduttori solidi in grado di ossidare sostanze nocive fino a completa mineralizzazione. In questo contesto la fotocatalisi applicata ai materiali da costruzione potrebbe trasformarsi in una soluzione molto interessante, tanto da diventare parte integrante della strategia volta a ridurre l’inquinamento ambientale. Protagonista di questo processo è il biossido di titanio (TiO2), accompagnato da dei materiali di supporto tradizionali. L’idea del nostro lavoro è quella di andare a studiare i nostri prodotti di scarto provenienti da diversi processi industriali con lo scopo di poterli usare proprio nel processo di fotocatalisi come substrati, di riciclo, che possano legare con il biossido di titanio per creare la miscela fotocatalitica.
Caratterizzazione di rifiuti industriali quali substrati per materiali da costruzione multifunzionali
D'ANTONIO, LORENZO
2019/2020
Abstract
The economic system, focused and developed on human activities, requires the use of natural resources. The balance between the economic sphere and the environmental sphere began to be compromised after the change, due to the industrialization, of the production processes which introduced a model of economic growth focused on the consumption of large quantities of goods and still today at the basis of the 'economy. The industrial revolution, between the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, outlined what we now call a "linear" economy, organized according to the "take, do, throw" model. Over time we have seen the linear economy create different consequences both on the environmental and social level. Consumption in large quantities, urbanization and global transport have contributed to producing disconcerting effects on the natural world and ours. It is in this perspective that the circular economy is born which, by its nature, is a recovery economy. It is not so much about "doing more with less" but, rather, doing more with what we already have. In the following work, starting precisely from the concept of circular economy, a central theme in the course of "Technologies applied to the treatment of solid waste", attention is focused on the need to characterize and study some waste products from industrial processes with the aim of transform them into raw materials and / or resources in other production cycles, in our case photocatalysis. Air pollution is a crucial point for the health of man and our planet. In an attempt to improve environmental conditions, research has been undertaken to develop innovative and environmentally friendly processes and technologies that purify the gaseous emissions of industrial origin or produced by vehicles, using sunlight, a renewable and clean source of energy. The new materials capable of "eating" organic and inorganic air pollutants apply the photocatalysis process, which consists in the use of solid semiconductors capable of oxidizing harmful substances until complete mineralization. In this context, photocatalysis applied to construction materials could turn into a very interesting solution, so much so that it became an integral part of the strategy aimed at reducing environmental pollution. The protagonist of this process is titanium dioxide (TiO2), accompanied by traditional support materials. The idea of our work is to go and study our waste products from different industrial processes with the aim of being able to use them right in the process of photocatalysis as substrates, of recycling, which can bind with titanium dioxide to create the photocatalytic mixture.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/2190