This paper aims to provide a metrological evaluation of the G3F sensor, a laser triangulation profiler designed by U-Sense.IT srl for non-contact measurement of Gap and Flush geometric parameters in the automotive sector. The analysis was conducted by studying the repeatability and reproducibility of the measurement system using the GRR (Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility) methodology, as outlined in the AIAG MSA manual – fourth edition, employing the Average & Range method. The experimental activity involved 14 vehicle body parts, representative of manufacturing variability, and included four operators and two operational configurations of the device: manual and complete with a positioning front plate. The acquired measurements were organized in a Data Collection Sheet and subsequently processed both graphically and numerically to determine the EV, AV, PV, GRR, and TV indices, along with the calculation of the respective percentages %EV, %AV, %PV, and %GRR. The obtained results show %GRR values consistently below 10% for both operational modes and for both measured quantities (Gap and Flush), confirming the acceptability of the measurement system according to established criteria. Specifically, the introduction of the front plate improved repeatability in Gap measurements, reducing the influence of manual positioning, while it did not show significant benefits in Flush measurements. The ndc (Number of Distinct Categories) index showed values above the minimum required threshold, confirming the instrument's high discriminating capability. The conducted analysis thus confirmed the reliability of the G3F sensor in both operational configurations, suggesting the possibility of using the device in real industrial production contexts. Possible future developments are also proposed, including integration with process capability analysis (Cp, Cpk) and the adoption of more advanced techniques such as ANOVA to include operator-part interaction, in order to obtain a more complete and robust characterization of the measurement system.
Il presente elaborato ha come obiettivo la valutazione metrologica del sensore G3F, profilometro a triangolazione laser progettato dalla U-Sense.IT srl per la misura non a contatto dei parametri geometrici Gap e Flush in ambito automotive. L’analisi è stata condotta mediante lo studio della ripetibilità e riproducibilità del sistema di misura attraverso la metodologia GRR (Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility), secondo quanto previsto dal manuale AIAG MSA – quarta edizione, utilizzando il metodo Average & Range. L’attività sperimentale si è svolta su 14 parti della carrozzeria di un veicolo, rappresentative della variabilità produttiva, coinvolgendo quattro operatori e due configurazioni operative del dispositivo: manuale e completa di frontalino di posizionamento. Le misure acquisite sono state organizzate in un Data Collection Sheet e successivamente elaborate sia graficamente che numericamente al fine di determinare gli indici EV, AV, PV, GRR e TV, con il relativo calcolo delle percentuali %EV, %AV, %PV e %GRR. I risultati ottenuti evidenziano valori di %GRR sempre inferiori al 10% per entrambe le modalità operative e per entrambe le grandezze misurate (Gap e Flush), confermando l’accettabilità del sistema di misura secondo i criteri stabiliti. In particolare, l’introduzione del frontalino ha migliorato la ripetibilità nelle misure di Gap, riducendo l’influenza del posizionamento manuale, mentre non ha mostrato benefici significativi nella misura di Flush. L’indice ndc (Number of Distinct Categories) ha mostrato valori superiori alla soglia minima richiesta, attestando un’elevata capacità discriminante dello strumento. L’analisi condotta ha quindi confermato l’affidabilità del sensore G3F in entrambe le configurazioni operative, suggerendo la possibilità di impiego del dispositivo nei contesti reali di produzione industriale. Sono inoltre proposti possibili sviluppi futuri, tra cui l’integrazione con analisi di capacità di processo (Cp, Cpk) e l’adozione di tecniche più avanzate come l’ANOVA per includere l’interazione operatore parte, al fine di ottenere una caratterizzazione più completa e robusta del sistema di misura.
Valutazione della ripetibilità e riproducibilità di un profilometro G3F a triangolazione laser per la misura di Gap & Flush mediante analisi MSA: applicazione nel controllo qualità automotive
AMICUCCI, FEDERICA
2024/2025
Abstract
This paper aims to provide a metrological evaluation of the G3F sensor, a laser triangulation profiler designed by U-Sense.IT srl for non-contact measurement of Gap and Flush geometric parameters in the automotive sector. The analysis was conducted by studying the repeatability and reproducibility of the measurement system using the GRR (Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility) methodology, as outlined in the AIAG MSA manual – fourth edition, employing the Average & Range method. The experimental activity involved 14 vehicle body parts, representative of manufacturing variability, and included four operators and two operational configurations of the device: manual and complete with a positioning front plate. The acquired measurements were organized in a Data Collection Sheet and subsequently processed both graphically and numerically to determine the EV, AV, PV, GRR, and TV indices, along with the calculation of the respective percentages %EV, %AV, %PV, and %GRR. The obtained results show %GRR values consistently below 10% for both operational modes and for both measured quantities (Gap and Flush), confirming the acceptability of the measurement system according to established criteria. Specifically, the introduction of the front plate improved repeatability in Gap measurements, reducing the influence of manual positioning, while it did not show significant benefits in Flush measurements. The ndc (Number of Distinct Categories) index showed values above the minimum required threshold, confirming the instrument's high discriminating capability. The conducted analysis thus confirmed the reliability of the G3F sensor in both operational configurations, suggesting the possibility of using the device in real industrial production contexts. Possible future developments are also proposed, including integration with process capability analysis (Cp, Cpk) and the adoption of more advanced techniques such as ANOVA to include operator-part interaction, in order to obtain a more complete and robust characterization of the measurement system.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/22707