INTRODUCTION: Epilepsy is a disease of the central nervous system characterized by a persistent predisposition to develop epileptic seizures, with consequences that can affect various areas of a person's life: neurobiological, cognitive, psychological, and social. It is one of the most common neurological diseases and, in Italy, affects approximately 1% of the population, equivalent to approximately 500,000 people. Being a chronic and potentially disabling condition, it requires a comprehensive care approach. In this context, nurses play a central role, not only in clinical management, but above all in therapeutic education, which allows families and caregivers to acquire the skills necessary to address epilepsy in all its facets and ensure the best possible quality of life for the patient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature review was conducted on the role of nurses in home-based epilepsy management, using the PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane databases. Articles published within the last ten years in English or Italian, available in full text, and referring to adult and pediatric populations, were included. After screening and removing duplicates, eight studies pertinent to the research objective were analyzed. RESULTS: The analysis of the studies shows that home-based epilepsy management requires a multidisciplinary and personalized approach. The role of the Epilepsy Specialist Nurse is crucial in providing ongoing care, therapeutic education, and psychological support, improving the patient's quality of life and treatment adherence. Furthermore, self-management interventions have proven effective in reducing the frequency of seizures and increasing individual autonomy. Home monitoring technologies and seizure alert dogs represent innovative tools to support patient safety. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The review highlights how the nursing management of epilepsy must integrate clinical care, health education, and technological tools to ensure effective care. It is necessary to promote specific training programs for nurses specializing in epilepsy and strengthen community services. The integration of professional skills, innovation, and psychological support is key to improving the independence and quality of life of people living with epilepsy. I chose to explore this topic in my thesis also for a personal reason: in my family, there is a person with epilepsy. This firsthand experience allowed me to understand the importance of competent and ongoing support, and it inspired me to delve deeper into the topic with the aim of contributing, through my professional career, to better care for people living with this condition.
INTRODUZIONE: L’epilessia è una malattia del sistema nervoso centrale caratterizzata da una persistente predisposizione a sviluppare crisi epilettiche, con conseguenze che possono interessare diversi ambiti della vita della persona: quello neurobiologico, cognitivo, psicologico e sociale. È una delle patologie neurologiche più frequenti e, in Italia, riguarda circa l’1% della popolazione, pari a circa 500.000 persone. Essendo una condizione cronica e potenzialmente invalidante, richiede un approccio assistenziale globale. In questo contesto l’infermiere riveste un ruolo centrale, non solo nella gestione clinica, ma soprattutto nell’educazione terapeutica, che permette alla famiglia e ai caregiver di acquisire le competenze necessarie per affrontare l’epilessia in tutte le sue sfaccettature e garantire la migliore qualità di vita possibile al paziente. MATERIALI E METODI: È stata condotta una revisione della letteratura sul ruolo dell’infermiere nella gestione dell’epilessia in ambito domiciliare, utilizzando le banche dati Pubmed, CINAHL e Cochrane. Sono stati inclusi articoli pubblicati negli ultimi dieci anni, in lingua inglese o italiana, disponibili in full text e riferiti a popolazioni adulte e pediatriche. Dopo la selezione e la rimozione dei duplicati, sono stati analizzati otto studi pertinenti all’obiettivo della ricerca. RISULTATI: Dall’analisi degli studi emerge che la gestione dell’epilessia a domicilio richiede un approccio multidisciplinare e personalizzato. La figura dell’Epilepsy Specialist Nurse risulta fondamentale nel fornire assistenza continuativa, educazione terapeutica e supporto psicologico, migliorando la qualità di vita e l’aderenza terapeutica del paziente. Inoltre, gli interventi di autogestione si sono dimostrati efficaci nel ridurre la frequenza delle crisi e aumentare l’autonomia individuale. Tecnologie di monitoraggio domiciliare e cani d’allerta per le crisi epilettiche rappresentano strumenti innovativi di supporto alla sicurezza del paziente. DISCUSSIONE E CONCLUSIONE: La revisione evidenzia come la gestione infermieristica dell’epilessia debba integrare assistenza clinica, educazione sanitaria e strumenti tecnologici per garantire una presa in carico efficace. È necessario promuovere programmi formativi specifici per infermieri esperti in epilessia e potenziare i servizi territoriali. L’integrazione di competenze professionali, innovazione e sostegno psicologico rappresenta la chiave per migliorare l’autonomia e la qualità di vita delle persone che convivono con l’epilessia. Ho scelto di approfondire questo tema nella mia tesi anche per una ragione personale: all’interno della mia famiglia c’è una persona affetta da epilessia. Questa esperienza diretta mi ha permesso di comprendere quanto sia importante un supporto competente e continuo, e mi ha spinto ad approfondire l’argomento con l’obiettivo di contribuire, attraverso il mio percorso professionale, a una migliore presa in carico delle persone che convivono con questa patologia.
RICONOSCIMENTO E GESTIONE DELLE CRISI EPILETTICHE IN AMBITO DOMICILIARE
BENAZZI, MYRIAM
2024/2025
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Epilepsy is a disease of the central nervous system characterized by a persistent predisposition to develop epileptic seizures, with consequences that can affect various areas of a person's life: neurobiological, cognitive, psychological, and social. It is one of the most common neurological diseases and, in Italy, affects approximately 1% of the population, equivalent to approximately 500,000 people. Being a chronic and potentially disabling condition, it requires a comprehensive care approach. In this context, nurses play a central role, not only in clinical management, but above all in therapeutic education, which allows families and caregivers to acquire the skills necessary to address epilepsy in all its facets and ensure the best possible quality of life for the patient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature review was conducted on the role of nurses in home-based epilepsy management, using the PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane databases. Articles published within the last ten years in English or Italian, available in full text, and referring to adult and pediatric populations, were included. After screening and removing duplicates, eight studies pertinent to the research objective were analyzed. RESULTS: The analysis of the studies shows that home-based epilepsy management requires a multidisciplinary and personalized approach. The role of the Epilepsy Specialist Nurse is crucial in providing ongoing care, therapeutic education, and psychological support, improving the patient's quality of life and treatment adherence. Furthermore, self-management interventions have proven effective in reducing the frequency of seizures and increasing individual autonomy. Home monitoring technologies and seizure alert dogs represent innovative tools to support patient safety. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The review highlights how the nursing management of epilepsy must integrate clinical care, health education, and technological tools to ensure effective care. It is necessary to promote specific training programs for nurses specializing in epilepsy and strengthen community services. The integration of professional skills, innovation, and psychological support is key to improving the independence and quality of life of people living with epilepsy. I chose to explore this topic in my thesis also for a personal reason: in my family, there is a person with epilepsy. This firsthand experience allowed me to understand the importance of competent and ongoing support, and it inspired me to delve deeper into the topic with the aim of contributing, through my professional career, to better care for people living with this condition.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/24005