Introduction: the figure of the anesthesia nurse represents an advanced profile in nursing practice, characterized by high decision-making autonomy, clinical, technical and specialized skills in the perioperative context but not only. At an international lev-el this profession is widely consolidated and legally recognized but, despite this, in Italy this role is still being defined with a non-uniform legislative framework. Objective: observe the role of the anesthesia nurse in different international contexts, paying particular attention regarding the various training courses, the level of profes-sional autonomy and considering regulatory recognition, with the aim of identifying useful reference models to promote the development of the professional figure in the national context. Materials and methods: the study was conducted according to the methodology for the Scoping Review proposed by Arksey and O'Malley, applying the PRISMA diagram to ensure transparency and methodological rigor. The revision was carried out by means of a bibliographic search in the databases PubMed, Google Scho-lar, Scopus, ANA, OVID and ScienceDirect. They were included in the English language, Italian and Portuguese, published between 2006 and 2025, selected based on criteria of rele-vance, methodological-quality and consistency with the objective of the study. The search strategy used terms and keywords derived from controlled vocabularies of indi-vidual databases (MeSH), to build specific and targeted search strings. Results: the analysis showed an evident heterogeneity in the training models and competencies allocated to anesthesia nurses in different international contexts. In countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom and France, this figure is rec-ognized and supported by advanced academic paths such as master's and doctoral de-grees, which guarantee high decision-making autonomy and clinical responsibility. In Italy, on the contrary, the anesthesia nurse is mainly framed in a role of technical nature and support to the doctor, lacking specific regulatory recognition and uniform regulation of training courses. Conclusions: the international comparison shows how the enhancement of the role of the anesthesiologist nurse, through advanced training courses and a clear legislative framework, can improve organizational efficiency and patient safety. To encourage the evolution of the role in Italy, it is necessary to define unambiguous training standards, dedicated career paths and a clear regulatory framework, in line with European and US models. Keywords: nurse anesthetist, anesthesia nursing, IADE France, training course, APN, ICN.
Introduzione: la figura dell’infermiere di anestesia rappresenta un profilo avanzato nella pratica infermieristica, caratterizzato da un’elevata autonomia decisionale, competenze cliniche, tecniche e specialistiche nel contesto perioperatorio ma non solo. A livello internazionale questa professione è ampiamente consolidata e normativamente riconosciuta ma, nonostante ciò, in Italia questo ruolo risulta ancora in fase di definizione con un quadro legislativo non uniforme. Obiettivo: osservare il ruolo dell’infermiere di anestesia in diversi contesti internazionali, ponendo particolare attenzione per quanto riguarda i vari percorsi formativi, il livello di autonomia professionale e considerando anche il riconoscimento normativo, con la finalità di individuare modelli di riferimento utili per promuovere lo sviluppo della figura professionale nel contesto nazionale. Materiali e metodi: lo studio è stato condotto secondo la metodologia per la Scoping Review proposta da Arksey e O’Malley, applicando il diagramma PRISMA per garanti-re trasparenza e rigore metodologico. La revisione è stata realizzata mediante una ri-cerca bibliografica nei database PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, ANA, OVID e ScienceDirect. Sono stati inclusi in lingua inglese, italiana e portoghese, pubblicati tra il 2006 e il 2025, selezionate sulla base di criteri di pertinenza, qualità metodologica e coerenza con l’obiettivo dello studio. La strategia di ricerca ha utilizzato termini e parole chiave derivati da vocabolari controllati dei singoli database (MeSH), al fine di costruire stringhe di ricerca specifiche e mirate. Risultati: l’analisi ha evidenziato un’evidente eterogeneità nei modelli formativi e nelle competenze attribuite agli infermieri di anestesia nei diversi contesti internazionali. In Paesi come Stati Uniti, Regno Unito e Francia, questa figura è riconosciuta e supportata da percorsi accademici avanzati come master e dottorati, che garantiscono un’elevata autonomia decisionale e responsabilità clinica. In Italia, al contrario, l’infermiere di anestesia è prevalentemente inquadrato in un ruolo di natura tecnica e di supporto al medico, privo di riconoscimento normativo specifico e di una regola-mentazione uniforme dei percorsi formativi. Conclusioni: il confronto internazionale mostra come la valorizzazione del ruolo dell’infermiere anestesista, attraverso percorsi formativi avanzati e un chiaro inquadramento legislativo, possa migliorare l’efficienza organizzativa e la sicurezza del paziente. Per favorire l’evoluzione del ruolo in Italia, è necessario definire standard formativi univoci, percorsi di carriera dedicati e una cornice normativa chiara, in linea con i modelli europei e statunitensi. Parole chiave: infermiere di anestesia, IADE Francia, percorso formativo, APN, ICN.
NURSING IN ANESTESIA: TRA PRATICA CLINICA E PERCORSO FORMATIVO. UNA SCOPING REVIEW
BINDELLI, GIULIA
2024/2025
Abstract
Introduction: the figure of the anesthesia nurse represents an advanced profile in nursing practice, characterized by high decision-making autonomy, clinical, technical and specialized skills in the perioperative context but not only. At an international lev-el this profession is widely consolidated and legally recognized but, despite this, in Italy this role is still being defined with a non-uniform legislative framework. Objective: observe the role of the anesthesia nurse in different international contexts, paying particular attention regarding the various training courses, the level of profes-sional autonomy and considering regulatory recognition, with the aim of identifying useful reference models to promote the development of the professional figure in the national context. Materials and methods: the study was conducted according to the methodology for the Scoping Review proposed by Arksey and O'Malley, applying the PRISMA diagram to ensure transparency and methodological rigor. The revision was carried out by means of a bibliographic search in the databases PubMed, Google Scho-lar, Scopus, ANA, OVID and ScienceDirect. They were included in the English language, Italian and Portuguese, published between 2006 and 2025, selected based on criteria of rele-vance, methodological-quality and consistency with the objective of the study. The search strategy used terms and keywords derived from controlled vocabularies of indi-vidual databases (MeSH), to build specific and targeted search strings. Results: the analysis showed an evident heterogeneity in the training models and competencies allocated to anesthesia nurses in different international contexts. In countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom and France, this figure is rec-ognized and supported by advanced academic paths such as master's and doctoral de-grees, which guarantee high decision-making autonomy and clinical responsibility. In Italy, on the contrary, the anesthesia nurse is mainly framed in a role of technical nature and support to the doctor, lacking specific regulatory recognition and uniform regulation of training courses. Conclusions: the international comparison shows how the enhancement of the role of the anesthesiologist nurse, through advanced training courses and a clear legislative framework, can improve organizational efficiency and patient safety. To encourage the evolution of the role in Italy, it is necessary to define unambiguous training standards, dedicated career paths and a clear regulatory framework, in line with European and US models. Keywords: nurse anesthetist, anesthesia nursing, IADE France, training course, APN, ICN.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/24006