Introduction In recent decades, the improper use of prescription-only medications, particularly those with psychoactive properties, has become an increasing public health challenge. In the prison setting, this issue is even more complex due to the high prevalence of psychiatric disorders among inmates and the frequent prescription of antidepressants, antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, and opioids. The incorrect use of these drugs can lead to dependence, severe side effects, and patterns of abuse, sometimes linked to excessive use for behavioral control purposes. Understanding and monitoring this phenomenon is essential to protect both inmate health and institutional safety, areas in which nurses play a key role in prevention and risk management. The general objective of this work is to analyze the current use of psychoactive drugs in prisons, assess the risk of misuse or abuse, and examine proposed strategies to ensure their safe and appropriate use. Materials and Methods A narrative review of the literature was conducted. Studies published in the last 10 years, in English and French, investigating the use of psychoactive drugs in prison settings were included. The PubMed database was used, employing the following keywords: “prisoners,” “psychotropic drugs,” “psychoactive drugs,” “overprescriptions,” “jail,” “overuse,” “drug misuse,” and “addiction.” Results The review shows a significantly higher use of psychoactive drugs in prison contexts compared to the general population, with frequent off-label prescriptions and polypharmacy. The substances most often implicated are quetiapine and pregabalin, both associated with a risk of abuse and “molecular substitution” phenomena. Controlled discontinuation of these medications did not show clinical deterioration, suggesting that their use is often not strictly therapeutic and highlighting the need for continuous clinical monitoring. Conclusions The analysis reveals widespread and potentially inappropriate use of psychotropic medications in prisons, with greater vulnerability observed among women and individuals with a history of substance dependence. The nurse’s role is crucial in ensuring adherence, preventing abuse, and promoting the rational use of medications, within a prison healthcare model based on safety, appropriateness, and respect for the dignity of the inmate.
Introduzione Negli ultimi decenni, l’uso improprio di farmaci con obbligo di prescrizione medica, in particolare di quelli ad azione psicoattiva, è divenuto una crescente sfida per la salute pubblica. In ambito penitenziario il fenomeno risulta ancora più complesso, data l’elevata prevalenza di disturbi psichiatrici tra i detenuti e la frequente prescrizione di antidepressivi, antipsicotici, benzodiazepine e oppioidi. L’impiego non corretto di tali farmaci può generare dipendenza, gravi effetti collaterali e fenomeni di abuso, talvolta legati a un uso eccessivo a fini di controllo comportamentale. Comprendere e monitorare questo fenomeno è fondamentale per tutelare la salute dei detenuti e la sicurezza degli istituti, ambiti nei quali l’infermiere riveste un ruolo chiave nella prevenzione e nella gestione del rischio. Obiettivo generale del lavoro è analizzare l’attuale utilizzo dei farmaci psicoattivi in ambito penitenziario, valutando il rischio di uso improprio o abuso e le strategie proposte per garantirne un impiego sicuro e appropriato. Materiali e metodi È stata condotta una revisione narrativa della letteratura, sono stati inclusi studi degli ultimi 10 anni in lingua inglese e francese, che indagano il fenomeno dell’utilizzo di farmaci psicoattivi in contesti penitenziari. È stata utilizzata la banca dati PubMed, impiegando le seguenti parole chiave: “prisoners”, “psychotropic drugs”, “psychoactive drugs”, “overprescriptions”, “jail”, “overuse”, “drugs misuse”, “addiction”. Risultati La revisione mostra un uso significativamente superiore di farmaci psicoattivi nei contesti penitenziari rispetto alla popolazione libera, con frequenti prescrizioni off-label e politerapie. Le molecole più implicate sono la quetiapina e il pregabalin, entrambe associate a rischio di abuso e fenomeni di “sostituzione molecolare”. La sospensione controllata di tali farmaci non ha evidenziato peggioramenti clinici, suggerendo un impiego spesso non strettamente terapeutico e la necessità di un monitoraggio clinico costante. Conclusioni L’analisi evidenzia un ricorso diffuso e potenzialmente inappropriato agli psicofarmaci in carcere, con maggiore vulnerabilità tra donne e soggetti con precedenti di dipendenza. Il ruolo dell’infermiere risulta cruciale nel controllo dell’aderenza, nella prevenzione dell’abuso e nella promozione di un uso razionale dei farmaci, in un modello di salute penitenziaria fondato su sicurezza, appropriatezza e rispetto della dignità del detenuto.
Farmaci psicoattivi nelle carceri: tra necessità terapeutica e rischio di abuso Una revisione narrativa della letteratura
MOBILI, AURORA
2024/2025
Abstract
Introduction In recent decades, the improper use of prescription-only medications, particularly those with psychoactive properties, has become an increasing public health challenge. In the prison setting, this issue is even more complex due to the high prevalence of psychiatric disorders among inmates and the frequent prescription of antidepressants, antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, and opioids. The incorrect use of these drugs can lead to dependence, severe side effects, and patterns of abuse, sometimes linked to excessive use for behavioral control purposes. Understanding and monitoring this phenomenon is essential to protect both inmate health and institutional safety, areas in which nurses play a key role in prevention and risk management. The general objective of this work is to analyze the current use of psychoactive drugs in prisons, assess the risk of misuse or abuse, and examine proposed strategies to ensure their safe and appropriate use. Materials and Methods A narrative review of the literature was conducted. Studies published in the last 10 years, in English and French, investigating the use of psychoactive drugs in prison settings were included. The PubMed database was used, employing the following keywords: “prisoners,” “psychotropic drugs,” “psychoactive drugs,” “overprescriptions,” “jail,” “overuse,” “drug misuse,” and “addiction.” Results The review shows a significantly higher use of psychoactive drugs in prison contexts compared to the general population, with frequent off-label prescriptions and polypharmacy. The substances most often implicated are quetiapine and pregabalin, both associated with a risk of abuse and “molecular substitution” phenomena. Controlled discontinuation of these medications did not show clinical deterioration, suggesting that their use is often not strictly therapeutic and highlighting the need for continuous clinical monitoring. Conclusions The analysis reveals widespread and potentially inappropriate use of psychotropic medications in prisons, with greater vulnerability observed among women and individuals with a history of substance dependence. The nurse’s role is crucial in ensuring adherence, preventing abuse, and promoting the rational use of medications, within a prison healthcare model based on safety, appropriateness, and respect for the dignity of the inmate.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
TESI MOBILI AURORA DEFINITIVA PDFA.pdf
embargo fino al 18/11/2028
Dimensione
413.96 kB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
413.96 kB | Adobe PDF |
I documenti in UNITESI sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/24051