Humans and a few other social Primates experience more chronic stress, that is, they are able to get stressed out by events distant in the future and activate stress responses even for long periods, so much so that they become potentially deleterious for the organism, causing the onset of stress related disease. One of the systems at particular risk is the cardiovascular system, subject to the phenomenon of chronic inflammation. Although the main mediators of the stress response, glucocorticoids, are universally considered anti-inflammatory agents in the periphery, in recent years this classic view has been questioned at various levels, mainly in the CNS. Chronic stress in humans has been associated with increases in C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, and other inflammatory mediators. Two studies conducted in parallel by researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (Ismms) in New York, highlight an important mechanism: stress can activate the amygdala, which leads to the additional production of immune cells from the bone marrow, which in turn can affect the arteries, causing inflammation. The upside to these findings is that the alleviation of psychosocial stress can produce benefits that extend beyond a better sense of psychological well-being by improving the atherosclerotic milieu.
L’uomo e pochi altri Primati sociali sperimentano maggiormente stress cronici, cioè sono in grado di stressarsi per eventi lontani nel futuro e attivare le risposte allo stress anche per lunghi periodi, tanto da diventare potenzialmente deleterie per l’organismo, causando l’insorgenza di malattie correlate allo stress. Uno dei sistemi particolarmente a rischio è quello cardiovascolare, soggetto al fenomeno dell’infiammazione cronica. Sebbene i principali mediatori della risposta allo stress, i glucocorticoidi, siano universalmente considerati agenti antinfiammatori nella periferia, negli ultimi anni questa visione classica è stata messa in discussione a vari livelli, principalmente nel SNC. Lo stress cronico negli esseri umani è stato associato ad aumenti della proteina C-reattiva (PCR), dell'IL-6 e di altri mediatori dell'infiammazione. Due studi condotti in parallelo dai ricercatori del Massachusetts General Hospital e dell'Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (Ismms) di New York, hanno permesso di evidenziare un importante meccanismo: lo stress può attivare l’amigdala, che porta alla produzione aggiuntiva di cellule immunitarie dal midollo osseo, che a loro volta possono influenzare le arterie, causando infiammazione. Il risvolto di tali risultati è che l'alleviamento dello stress psicosociale possa produrre benefici che si estendono oltre un migliore senso di benessere psicologico, migliorando l'ambiente aterosclerotico.
Stress, malattie cardiovascolari e meccanismi interconnessi: l'azione dell'amigdala sul sistema immunitario
GUICCIARDINI, CHIARA
2019/2020
Abstract
Humans and a few other social Primates experience more chronic stress, that is, they are able to get stressed out by events distant in the future and activate stress responses even for long periods, so much so that they become potentially deleterious for the organism, causing the onset of stress related disease. One of the systems at particular risk is the cardiovascular system, subject to the phenomenon of chronic inflammation. Although the main mediators of the stress response, glucocorticoids, are universally considered anti-inflammatory agents in the periphery, in recent years this classic view has been questioned at various levels, mainly in the CNS. Chronic stress in humans has been associated with increases in C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, and other inflammatory mediators. Two studies conducted in parallel by researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (Ismms) in New York, highlight an important mechanism: stress can activate the amygdala, which leads to the additional production of immune cells from the bone marrow, which in turn can affect the arteries, causing inflammation. The upside to these findings is that the alleviation of psychosocial stress can produce benefits that extend beyond a better sense of psychological well-being by improving the atherosclerotic milieu.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Tesi Guicciardini 2020.pdf
Open Access dal 21/10/2023
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/2414