This thesis investigates the microstructural, morphological, and surface characteristics of single tracks produced by Direct Energy Deposition (DED), using Colmonoy 227-F powder deposited on an AISI 304 stainless-steel substrate. Sixteen Single Scan Trakcs (SST) were fabricated by varying laser power (600–1000 W) and scanning speed (400–1000 mm/min), enabling a systematic evaluation of the influence of process parameters on track geometry and material quality. Optical microscopy, SEM-BSE imaging, EDS analysis, and microhardness measurements were employed to characterize surface morphology, dilution, metallurgical continuity, and microstructural evolution. The results highlight how thermal input strongly affects bead shape, porosity, mixing between substrate and deposited alloy, and local mechanical properties. Optimal processing conditions were identified in correspondence with medium–high laser power and low scanning speed, which ensured continuous tracks, limited defects, and homogeneous microstructure. The study provides useful insights for the optimization of DED parameters in the deposition of nickel-based hardfacing alloys.
La presente tesi analizza le caratteristiche microstrutturali, morfologiche e superficiali di singole tracce (Single Scan Trakcs (SST)) realizzate mediante tecnologia Direct Energy Deposition (DED), utilizzando polvere Colmonoy 227-F depositata su substrato in acciaio inox AISI 304. Sono state prodotte sedici tracce variando la potenza laser (600–1000 W) e la velocità di scansione (400–1000 mm/min), al fine di valutare in modo sistematico l’influenza dei parametri di processo sulla geometria della traccia e sulla qualità del materiale. L’indagine sperimentale ha previsto l’impiego di microscopia ottica, immagini SEM-BSE, analisi EDS e misure di microdurezza per caratterizzare la morfologia superficiale, la diluizione, la continuità metallurgica e l’evoluzione microstrutturale. I risultati evidenziano come l’apporto termico influenzi in modo determinante la forma della traccia, la presenza di porosità, la mescolanza tra substrato e lega depositata e le proprietà meccaniche locali. Condizioni di processo ottimali sono state individuate a potenze medio-alte e basse velocità, poiché garantiscono tracce continue, pochi difetti e microstrutture omogenee. Lo studio fornisce indicazioni utili per l’ottimizzazione dei parametri DED nella deposizione di leghe dure a base di nichel.
Analisi microstrutturale e superficiale di campioni metallici realizzati tramite additive manufacturing
GIUSTI, RICCARDO
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis investigates the microstructural, morphological, and surface characteristics of single tracks produced by Direct Energy Deposition (DED), using Colmonoy 227-F powder deposited on an AISI 304 stainless-steel substrate. Sixteen Single Scan Trakcs (SST) were fabricated by varying laser power (600–1000 W) and scanning speed (400–1000 mm/min), enabling a systematic evaluation of the influence of process parameters on track geometry and material quality. Optical microscopy, SEM-BSE imaging, EDS analysis, and microhardness measurements were employed to characterize surface morphology, dilution, metallurgical continuity, and microstructural evolution. The results highlight how thermal input strongly affects bead shape, porosity, mixing between substrate and deposited alloy, and local mechanical properties. Optimal processing conditions were identified in correspondence with medium–high laser power and low scanning speed, which ensured continuous tracks, limited defects, and homogeneous microstructure. The study provides useful insights for the optimization of DED parameters in the deposition of nickel-based hardfacing alloys.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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embargo fino al 18/06/2027
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/24710