Early life stress (ELS) represents a critical factor that can have a lasting impact on the development of the central nervous system and the regulation of energy balance. Although numerous experimental studies have demonstrated an association between adverse experiences in early life and the onset of metabolic disorders in adulthood, the molecular and neurobiological mechanisms underlying these effects are not yet fully understood. The present study aims to analyze the impact of ELS induced by the limited bedding and nesting (LBN) paradigm on the predisposition to obesity in adulthood, through alterations in neuro-metabolic programming, specifically in the functioning of the hypothalamus-adipose tissue axis. The experimental approach involves characterizing the differences between experimental groups subjected to ELS and controls kept under standard conditions through behavioral observations and somatic growth monitoring. Through the integration of morphological and transcriptomic analyses conducted on the hypothalamus and adipose tissues, the study aims to define the molecular mechanisms and sex-dependent differences underlying the impaired energy homeostasis induced by LBN. The objective of this thesis is to clarify how early adverse experiences can lead to persistent metabolic vulnerability and promote the onset of pathological phenotypes in adulthood.
Lo stress post-natale precoce (ELS) rappresenta un fattore critico che può influire in modo duraturo sullo sviluppo del sistema nervoso centrale e sulla regolazione del bilancio energetico. Nonostante numerose evidenze sperimentali dimostrino un'associazione tra esperienze avverse nelle prime fasi della vita e l'insorgenza di alterazioni metaboliche in età adulta, i meccanismi molecolari e neurobiologici alla base di tali effetti non sono ancora del tutto chiari. Il presente studio si propone di analizzare l'impatto dell'ELS indotto tramite il paradigma limited bedding and nesting (LBN) sulla predisposizione all'obesità in età adulta, attraverso le alterazioni della programmazione neuro-metabolica, nello specifico del funzionamento dell'asse ipotalamo-tessuto adiposo. L'approccio sperimentale prevede la caratterizzazione delle differenze tra i gruppi sperimentali sottoposti a ELS e i controlli mantenuti in condizioni standard tramite osservazioni comportamentali e il monitoraggio della crescita somatica. Attraverso l'integrazione di analisi morfologiche e trascrittomiche condotte su ipotalamo e tessuti adiposi, l'elaborato mira a definire i meccanismi molecolari e le differenze sesso-dipendenti alla base dell'alterata omeostasi energetica indotta da LBN. L'obiettivo di questa tesi è chiarire come le esperienze avverse precoci possano determinare una vulnerabilità metabolica persistente e favorire l'insorgenza di fenotipi patologici in età adulta.
STRESS POST-NATALE PRECOCE E BILANCIO ENERGETICO: MODIFICAZIONI NEUROENDROCRINE E METABOLICHE NEL MODELLO LIMITED BEDDING AND NESTING
GRANDIN, GAIA
2024/2025
Abstract
Early life stress (ELS) represents a critical factor that can have a lasting impact on the development of the central nervous system and the regulation of energy balance. Although numerous experimental studies have demonstrated an association between adverse experiences in early life and the onset of metabolic disorders in adulthood, the molecular and neurobiological mechanisms underlying these effects are not yet fully understood. The present study aims to analyze the impact of ELS induced by the limited bedding and nesting (LBN) paradigm on the predisposition to obesity in adulthood, through alterations in neuro-metabolic programming, specifically in the functioning of the hypothalamus-adipose tissue axis. The experimental approach involves characterizing the differences between experimental groups subjected to ELS and controls kept under standard conditions through behavioral observations and somatic growth monitoring. Through the integration of morphological and transcriptomic analyses conducted on the hypothalamus and adipose tissues, the study aims to define the molecular mechanisms and sex-dependent differences underlying the impaired energy homeostasis induced by LBN. The objective of this thesis is to clarify how early adverse experiences can lead to persistent metabolic vulnerability and promote the onset of pathological phenotypes in adulthood.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/25791