INTRODUCTION: This study examines the phenomenon of violence toward nurses in the Emergency Department. The analysis focused on the characteristics of violent incidents, the Emergency Department areas most exposed to violence, the perpetrators, and the emotional and professional consequences experienced by nurses. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to provide a partial overview of violence against healthcare professionals by comparing available data from 2022 with those collected from 2025 in the Emergency Departments of Pesaro and Fano (AST Pesaro-Urbino) and the Emergency Department of Senigallia (AST Ancona). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The literature review was conduct by using the PICOM methodology, and articles were retrieved from the PubMed database using a single search string. For the comparative analysis, the same questionnaire used in a 2022 survey was administered, with prior authorization from the original author and the Territorial Health Authorities. RESULTS: Triage represents the area of the Emergency Department most at risk for verbal threats and/or physical assaults. Patients are the main perpetrators of these incidents; in some cases, the events were also associated with patients’ relatives and/or companions. DISCUSSION: Violence in the Emergency Department depend by several risk factors: patients, relatives and/or companions emotionally distressed, overcrowding, and stress among nurses. During the two-year reference period, triage was confirmed as the primary location where violent episodes occur. As the first point of contact for individuals arriving at the Emergency Department, triage nurses are more likely to become targets of aggression, particularly during overcrowding situations. CONCLUSIONS: Violence in the Emergency Department remains a persistent phenomenon, although no significant improvements or worsening were observed. The consequences by nurses are important, especially as prolonged exposure may lead to leaving the profession. Although the risk don’t appear significant during the 2022–2025 period, this does not exclude the possibility of future increases if adequate support is not provided to healthcare personal. KEYWORDS: Nurses, Emergency Department, triage, violence, burnout.
INTRODUZIONE: Il seguente studio pone l’attenzione sull’analisi del fenomeno della violenza diretta al personale infermieristico all’interno del reparto di Pronto Soccorso. L’analisi verterà principalmente sulle caratteristiche degli episodi violenti, le aree del Pronto Soccorso maggiormente esposte, chi sono gli autori e quali sono le conseguenze emotive e professionali. OBIETTIVO: Il fine di questo studio è quello di conoscere il quadro – parziale – dei fenomeni di violenza contro gli operatori sanitari, tramite il confronto di dati disponibili risalenti all’anno 2022 con quelli del 2025, per i Pronto Soccorso di Pesaro e Fano (AST Pesaro-Urbino) e del Pronto Soccorso di Senigallia per l’AST di Ancona. MATERIALI E METODI: La parte della revisione della letteratura è stata condotta secondo la metodologia PICOM, gli articoli sono stati estrapolati dalla piattaforma PubMed con una sola stringa di ricerca. Per l’analisi comparativa è stato somministrato il medesimo questionario di un’indagine condotta nel 2022, previa autorizzazione da parte dell’autore e Aziende Sanitarie Territoriali. RISULTATI: Il triage rappresenta quell’area del Pronto Soccorso più a rischio di minacce verbali e/o aggressioni fisiche. I pazienti sono i principali autori di questi episodi, in alcuni casi gli eventi sono stati associati anche ai propri familiari e/o accompagnatori. DISCUSSIONE: La violenza presenta diversi fattori di rischio come: pazienti, familiari e/o accompagnatori con stato emotivo alterato, sovraffollamento e stress del personale sanitario. Nel biennio di riferimento il triage si conferma come il luogo principale dove accadono episodi violenti; essendo il primo punto di riferimento per coloro che arrivano in Pronto Soccorso, durante il fenomeno del sovraffollamento per i pazienti è più facile accanirsi contro gli infermieri triagisti, perché è la prima figura con cui si interfacciano. CONCLUSIONI: La violenza in Pronto Soccorso è un fenomeno persistente sebbene non siano stati osservati miglioramenti o peggioramenti significativi. Le conseguenze che comporta al personale infermieristico sono importanti perché a lungo andare possono portare ad un abbandono della professione, anche se negli anni 2022-2025 il rischio non è significativo, ma ciò non esclude una possibilità futura nel caso in cui non si fornisca un supporto adeguato al personale. PAROLE CHIAVE: Infermieri, Pronto Soccorso, triage, violenza, burnout.
Violenza sul personale infermieristico in area critica: un'analisi comparativa della regione Marche
GRASSI, CAMILLA
2024/2025
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: This study examines the phenomenon of violence toward nurses in the Emergency Department. The analysis focused on the characteristics of violent incidents, the Emergency Department areas most exposed to violence, the perpetrators, and the emotional and professional consequences experienced by nurses. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to provide a partial overview of violence against healthcare professionals by comparing available data from 2022 with those collected from 2025 in the Emergency Departments of Pesaro and Fano (AST Pesaro-Urbino) and the Emergency Department of Senigallia (AST Ancona). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The literature review was conduct by using the PICOM methodology, and articles were retrieved from the PubMed database using a single search string. For the comparative analysis, the same questionnaire used in a 2022 survey was administered, with prior authorization from the original author and the Territorial Health Authorities. RESULTS: Triage represents the area of the Emergency Department most at risk for verbal threats and/or physical assaults. Patients are the main perpetrators of these incidents; in some cases, the events were also associated with patients’ relatives and/or companions. DISCUSSION: Violence in the Emergency Department depend by several risk factors: patients, relatives and/or companions emotionally distressed, overcrowding, and stress among nurses. During the two-year reference period, triage was confirmed as the primary location where violent episodes occur. As the first point of contact for individuals arriving at the Emergency Department, triage nurses are more likely to become targets of aggression, particularly during overcrowding situations. CONCLUSIONS: Violence in the Emergency Department remains a persistent phenomenon, although no significant improvements or worsening were observed. The consequences by nurses are important, especially as prolonged exposure may lead to leaving the profession. Although the risk don’t appear significant during the 2022–2025 period, this does not exclude the possibility of future increases if adequate support is not provided to healthcare personal. KEYWORDS: Nurses, Emergency Department, triage, violence, burnout.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/26466