ABSTRACT Introduction: Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics play a crucial role in the management of psychotic disorders by improving treatment adherence and reducing relapse rates. Their administration requires advanced technical skills and an individualized patient assessment. Objectives: To analyze the available evidence on LAI administration, with a focus on injection site, technique, complications, and the nursing role. Materials and Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and NHS Scotland, including studies and guidelines published between 2000 and 2025. Results: The safety of LAIs depends on the injection site, administration technique, and patient characteristics. The ventrogluteal site is safer than the dorsogluteal site. Techniques such as the Z-track method, site rotation, and appropriate needle length improve administration accuracy and reduce complications. Nursing education and proper documentation are essential to ensure continuity of care and treatment adherence. Discussion: LAI administration requires a personalized approach and advanced competencies. Technical errors and anthropometric factors may negatively affect outcomes. Nurses play a central role, both technically and relationally. Conclusion: The management of LAIs requires expertise and evidence-based practice. Proper technique, correct site selection, site rotation, and ongoing training are essential to ensure safety, effectiveness, and continuity of care.
ABSTRACT Introduzione: Gli antipsicotici long-acting injectable (LAI) sono fondamentali nella gestione dei disturbi psicotici per migliorare l’aderenza terapeutica e ridurre le ricadute. La loro somministrazione richiede competenze tecniche avanzate e una valutazione individualizzata del paziente. Obiettivi: Analizzare le evidenze sulla somministrazione dei LAI, con focus su sito di iniezione, tecnica, complicanze e ruolo infermieristico. Materiali e metodi: Revisione narrativa della letteratura su PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar e NHS Scotland, includendo studi e linee guida pubblicati tra il 2000 e il 2025. Risultati: La sicurezza dei LAI dipende da sito di iniezione, tecnica e caratteristiche del paziente. Il sito ventrogluteo è più sicuro del dorsogluteo. Tecniche come Z-track, rotazione dei siti e adeguata lunghezza dell’ago migliorano la corretta somministrazione e riducono le complicanze. Formazione infermieristica e documentazione sono essenziali per continuità e aderenza. Discussione: La somministrazione richiede un approccio personalizzato e competenze avanzate. Errori tecnici e fattori antropometrici possono influenzare negativamente gli esiti. L’infermiere ha un ruolo centrale tecnico e relazionale. Conclusione: La gestione dei LAI richiede competenza e pratiche evidence-based. Tecnica corretta, scelta del sito, rotazione delle sedi e formazione continua sono fondamentali per garantire sicurezza, efficacia e continuità terapeutica.
RUOLO INFERMIERISTICO NELLA SOMMINISTRAZIONE DEGLI ANTIPSICOTICI LONG-ACTING INJECTABLE (LAI): SICUREZZA, TECNICA E ADERENZA TERAPEUTICA
GABUR, LORENA
2024/2025
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics play a crucial role in the management of psychotic disorders by improving treatment adherence and reducing relapse rates. Their administration requires advanced technical skills and an individualized patient assessment. Objectives: To analyze the available evidence on LAI administration, with a focus on injection site, technique, complications, and the nursing role. Materials and Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and NHS Scotland, including studies and guidelines published between 2000 and 2025. Results: The safety of LAIs depends on the injection site, administration technique, and patient characteristics. The ventrogluteal site is safer than the dorsogluteal site. Techniques such as the Z-track method, site rotation, and appropriate needle length improve administration accuracy and reduce complications. Nursing education and proper documentation are essential to ensure continuity of care and treatment adherence. Discussion: LAI administration requires a personalized approach and advanced competencies. Technical errors and anthropometric factors may negatively affect outcomes. Nurses play a central role, both technically and relationally. Conclusion: The management of LAIs requires expertise and evidence-based practice. Proper technique, correct site selection, site rotation, and ongoing training are essential to ensure safety, effectiveness, and continuity of care.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/26610