Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a rare immune-mediated disease characterized by significant morbidity, which is diagnosed by excluding other causes of thrombocytopenia. It exhibits high variability in clinical course and treatment response, features that continue to make its management challenging. In this study, a cohort of patients attending the Hematology Clinic of the AOU delle Marche was analyzed to provide real-world data and evaluate the main factors impacting the most complex aspects of ITP. A retrospective observational study was conducted on 102 patients attending the Hematology Clinic of the AOU delle Marche, who were evaluated using descriptive statistics, bivariate association tests, and the Kaplan-Meier product-limit method. The results revealed an association between aPL positivity and older age with thrombosis, as well as between female sex and fatigue. Analysis of factors associated with the need for three or more lines of therapy demonstrated associations with a low platelet count and bleeding manifestations at onset (OR = 3.60 [95% CI: 1.35–9.59]), ANA positivity (OR = 3.48 [95% CI: 1.11–10.93]), and concurrent autoimmune diseases (OR = 3.09 [95% CI: 1.14–8.36]). Furthermore, an association was found between ANA positivity, ENA positivity, and steroid refractoriness with overall survival (OS). The cohort analysis highlights the decisive role of autoimmune features in disease refractoriness and overall survival, suggesting more complex biological mechanisms linked to the loss of central tolerance, making the disease more prone to relapse. Further studies will be required to stratify patients according to their biological risk profile and guide personalized therapeutic choices.
La piastrinopenia immune è una patologia immunomediata rara caratterizzata da un’importante morbidità che viene diagnosticata tramite l’esclusione di altre cause di trombocitopenia. Presenta una grande variabilità nel comportamento clinico e nella risposta alla terapia, aspetti che ne rendono ancora oggi difficile la gestione. In questo studio è stata analizzata una coorte di pazienti afferenti alla Clinica di Ematologia dell’ AOU delle Marche al fine di fornire dati real-word e di analizzare i principali fattori che impattano negli aspetti più complessi dell’ITP. E’ stato condotto uno studio osservazionale retrospettivo su 102 pazienti afferenti alla Clinica di Ematologia dell’AOU delle Marche che sono stati valutati tramite analisi descrittive, test di associazione bivariati e metodo del prodotto-limite di Kaplan-Meier. Dai risultati è emersa un’associazione tra positività a aPL e età avanzata con la trombosi, come anche tra sesso femminile e fatigue. Dall’analisi dei fattori legati alla necessità di linee terapeutiche uguali o maggiori di 3, sono emerse associazioni con una bassa conta piastrinica e presenza di manifestazioni emorragiche di esordio (OR = 3,60 (IC95%: 1,35 – 9,59)), positività a ANA (OR = 3.48 (IC95%: 1,11 – 10,93)) e presenza di malattie autoimmuni (OR = 3, 09 (IC95%: 1,14 – 8,36)). Inoltre è risultata un’associazione tra positività a ANA, a ENA e presenza di steroido-refrattarietà con la sopravvivenza globale dei pazienti (OS). Dall’analisi della coorte emerge il ruolo determinante delle autoimmune features nella refrattarietà alla patologia e nella sopravvivenza globale, suggerendo dei meccanismi biologici più complessi legati alla perdita della tolleranza centrale che rendono la patologia più predisposta alla recidiva. Saranno necessari ulteriori studi per stratificare i pazienti in base al profilo biologico di rischio e guidare scelte terapeutiche personalizzate.
Diagnosi e gestione della Piastrinopenia Immune: l'esperienza della Clinica di Ematologia di Ancona
GREGORI, VALERIA
2025/2026
Abstract
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a rare immune-mediated disease characterized by significant morbidity, which is diagnosed by excluding other causes of thrombocytopenia. It exhibits high variability in clinical course and treatment response, features that continue to make its management challenging. In this study, a cohort of patients attending the Hematology Clinic of the AOU delle Marche was analyzed to provide real-world data and evaluate the main factors impacting the most complex aspects of ITP. A retrospective observational study was conducted on 102 patients attending the Hematology Clinic of the AOU delle Marche, who were evaluated using descriptive statistics, bivariate association tests, and the Kaplan-Meier product-limit method. The results revealed an association between aPL positivity and older age with thrombosis, as well as between female sex and fatigue. Analysis of factors associated with the need for three or more lines of therapy demonstrated associations with a low platelet count and bleeding manifestations at onset (OR = 3.60 [95% CI: 1.35–9.59]), ANA positivity (OR = 3.48 [95% CI: 1.11–10.93]), and concurrent autoimmune diseases (OR = 3.09 [95% CI: 1.14–8.36]). Furthermore, an association was found between ANA positivity, ENA positivity, and steroid refractoriness with overall survival (OS). The cohort analysis highlights the decisive role of autoimmune features in disease refractoriness and overall survival, suggesting more complex biological mechanisms linked to the loss of central tolerance, making the disease more prone to relapse. Further studies will be required to stratify patients according to their biological risk profile and guide personalized therapeutic choices.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Tesi Valeria Gregori.pdf
accesso aperto
Dimensione
5.14 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
5.14 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in UNITESI sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/28548