This thesis work aims, first of all, to analyze the state of the art regarding shear stiffness for small displacements of stabilized soils by mixing with binders (lime and cement) and subsequent compaction. In particular, data obtained mainly by laboratory tests with bender elements were processed. In fact, during the reactions between binder and soil, especially in long-term reactions (pozzolanic), the induced cementation gives greater rigidity to the treated soil. Another objective of this thesis work is therefore to analyze the data present in the literature on the subject in order to understand if the shear stiffness module can be used to monitor the progress of reactions with seasoning. This possibility would be advantageous from the theoretical but also practical point of view of the study since the bender elements constitute a non-destructive test method and the test is of rapid execution, it could therefore be applied in subsequent times to a single sample of compacted soil-lime mixture or earth-cement so as to obtain a trend of G0 with the seasoning described by a large number of experimental data. In particular, a synoptic framework of the analyzed literature has been created, also containing part of the data used; the results obtained by the various authors were then analyzed by dividing them according to the binder used for the treatment. The work carried out in this thesis had the objective of analyzing the shear modulus for small deformations of soils treated with binder and the evaluation of the possibility of using the modulus of stiffness for shear with small deformations, G0, to monitor the progress of reactions between soil and binders with seasoning. In the context of the 2017 Strategic Projects of the University, the project financed by the title: Analyzing and Modeling Migration of Tracers and Reactive Solutes through Porous Media provided for the preparation of a particular instrumentation for the study of different migration phenomena within samples of materials and soils. The instrumentation also includes bender elements sensors. The study carried out in this thesis work serves as a basis and direction for future experimental activity, as part of a research on land treated with binders already underway for years in the SIMAU Department of the Polytechnic University of Marche. The values of the frequencies used to test samples of soil treated with concrete were analyzed to identify the range of frequencies of the waves transmitted so as to make them detectable at the output of the signal. In fact, it has been shown that higher frequencies are necessary to determine the value of the G0 module as the cement content increases, while the necessary frequencies tend to decrease as the water content of the samples analyzed increases. The results showed how, as for both types of binder (lime and cement), the presence of water and the amount of binder are also influencing the value of the G0 module. Furthermore, the values of the G0 modulus are significantly influenced by the seasoning, describing an increase in stiffness with the progress of the reactions and clearly marking, in the case of lime treatment, the transition from short-term and long-term reactions. Therefore the results obtained from the data processing demonstrate the promising possibility of using the G0 module as an indicator parameter of the progress of pozzolanic reactions, both in the case of cement and lime treatment.
Il presente lavoro di tesi si propone, in primo luogo, di analizzare lo stato dell’arte in merito alla rigidezza a taglio per piccoli spostamenti di terreni stabilizzati mediante la miscelazione con leganti (calce e cemento) e la successiva compattazione. In particolare sono stati elaborati dati ricavati principalmente mediante test di laboratorio con bender elements. Infatti, nel corso delle reazioni tra legante e terreno, in special modo nelle reazioni di lungo termine (pozzolaniche), la cementazione indotta conferisce una maggiore rigidezza al terreno trattato. Altro obiettivo del presente lavoro di tesi è dunque quello di analizzare i dati presenti in letteratura sull’argomento al fine di capire se il modulo di rigidezza al taglio può essere impiegato per monitorare il progredire delle reazioni con la stagionatura. Tale eventualità sarebbe vantaggiosa dal punto di vista teorico ma anche pratico dello studio poiché i bender elements costituiscono un metodo di prova non distruttivo ed il test è di rapida esecuzione, potrebbe pertanto essere applicato in tempi successivi ad un unico campione di miscela compattata terra-calce o terra-cemento in modo da ricavare un andamento di G0 con la stagionatura descritto da un numero elevato di dati sperimentali. In particolare, è stato realizzato un quadro sinottico della letteratura analizzata contente anche parte dei dati utilizzati; si è provveduto poi ad analizzare i risultati ottenuti dai diversi autori suddividendoli in base al legante utilizzato per il trattamento. Il lavoro svolto nella presente tesi ha avuto l’obiettivo di analizzare il modulo di taglio alle piccole deformazioni di terreni trattati con legante e la valutazione della possibilità di impiegare il modulo di rigidezza al taglio a piccole deformazioni, G0, per monitorare il progredire delle reazioni tra terreno e leganti con la stagionatura. Nell’ambito dei Progetti strategici di Ateneo 2017, il progetto finanziato dal titolo: Analyzing and Modelling Migration of Tracers and Reactive Solutes through Porous Media ha previsto l’allestimento di una particolare strumentazione per lo studio di diversi fenomeni di migrazione all’interno di campioni di materiali e terreni. La strumentazione include anche sensori di tipo bender elements. Lo studio eseguito nel presente lavoro di tesi funge da base e da indirizzo per la futura attività sperimentale, nell’ambito di una ricerca sui terreni trattati con leganti già da anni in corso nel Dipartimento SIMAU dell’Università Politecnica delle Marche. Sono stati analizzati i valori delle frequenze utilizzati per testare campioni di terreno trattato a cemento per individuare il range di frequenze delle onde trasmesse in modo da renderle rilevabili in uscita al segnale. Infatti è stato dimostrato come siano necessarie frequenze più elevate per determinare il valore del modulo G0 all’aumentare del contenuto di cemento, mentre le frequenze necessarie tendono a ridursi all’aumentare del contenuto d’acqua dei campioni analizzati. I risultati hanno mostrato come, come per entrambe le tipologie di legante (calce e cemento) la presenza di acqua e la quantità di legante siano influenti anche sul valore del modulo G0. Inoltre i valori del modulo G0 risultano significativamente influenzati dalla stagionatura, descrivendo un aumento di rigidezza con il progredire delle reazioni e marcando chiaramente, nel caso del trattamento a calce, il passaggio dalle reazioni di breve termine e quelle di lungo termine. Pertanto i risultati ottenuti dall’elaborazione dei dati dimostrano la promettente possibilità di utilizzo del modulo G0 come parametro indicatore del progredire delle reazioni pozzolaniche, sia nel caso di trattamento a cemento che nel caso di quello a calce.
RIGIDEZZA A TAGLIO A PICCOLE DEFORMAZIONI DI TERRENI TRATTATI CON LEGANTI
BORDI, GIACOMO
2019/2020
Abstract
This thesis work aims, first of all, to analyze the state of the art regarding shear stiffness for small displacements of stabilized soils by mixing with binders (lime and cement) and subsequent compaction. In particular, data obtained mainly by laboratory tests with bender elements were processed. In fact, during the reactions between binder and soil, especially in long-term reactions (pozzolanic), the induced cementation gives greater rigidity to the treated soil. Another objective of this thesis work is therefore to analyze the data present in the literature on the subject in order to understand if the shear stiffness module can be used to monitor the progress of reactions with seasoning. This possibility would be advantageous from the theoretical but also practical point of view of the study since the bender elements constitute a non-destructive test method and the test is of rapid execution, it could therefore be applied in subsequent times to a single sample of compacted soil-lime mixture or earth-cement so as to obtain a trend of G0 with the seasoning described by a large number of experimental data. In particular, a synoptic framework of the analyzed literature has been created, also containing part of the data used; the results obtained by the various authors were then analyzed by dividing them according to the binder used for the treatment. The work carried out in this thesis had the objective of analyzing the shear modulus for small deformations of soils treated with binder and the evaluation of the possibility of using the modulus of stiffness for shear with small deformations, G0, to monitor the progress of reactions between soil and binders with seasoning. In the context of the 2017 Strategic Projects of the University, the project financed by the title: Analyzing and Modeling Migration of Tracers and Reactive Solutes through Porous Media provided for the preparation of a particular instrumentation for the study of different migration phenomena within samples of materials and soils. The instrumentation also includes bender elements sensors. The study carried out in this thesis work serves as a basis and direction for future experimental activity, as part of a research on land treated with binders already underway for years in the SIMAU Department of the Polytechnic University of Marche. The values of the frequencies used to test samples of soil treated with concrete were analyzed to identify the range of frequencies of the waves transmitted so as to make them detectable at the output of the signal. In fact, it has been shown that higher frequencies are necessary to determine the value of the G0 module as the cement content increases, while the necessary frequencies tend to decrease as the water content of the samples analyzed increases. The results showed how, as for both types of binder (lime and cement), the presence of water and the amount of binder are also influencing the value of the G0 module. Furthermore, the values of the G0 modulus are significantly influenced by the seasoning, describing an increase in stiffness with the progress of the reactions and clearly marking, in the case of lime treatment, the transition from short-term and long-term reactions. Therefore the results obtained from the data processing demonstrate the promising possibility of using the G0 module as an indicator parameter of the progress of pozzolanic reactions, both in the case of cement and lime treatment.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
RIGIDEZZA A TAGLIO A PICCOLE DEFORMAZIONI DI TERRENI TRATTATI CON LEGANTI.pdf
Open Access dal 14/07/2022
Dimensione
4.52 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
4.52 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in UNITESI sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/3261