Abstract Intoduction Numerous data has demonstrated the importance of considering suicide as public health problem. The World Health Organisation (WHO) announced that suicide has become a topic of priority interest because it is one of main causes of death among young people. The effects of COVID pandemic on mental health was recently assessed by “Istituto Superiore della Sanità” (ISS). In this research the suicide number has correlated with several psychosocial stressors such as economic recession, bereavement, loss of role/job/home/relationships. Target The aim of thesis is analyse the main knowledge in prevention and management of suicide risk among psychiatrics patients. With the purpose of development nursing practice able to reduce and/or prevent the number of suicides and/or suicide attempts. Materials and methods The recommendations contained in the Guidelines of the “Registered Nurses Association of Ontario” (RNAO, 2009) and those of the Ministry of Health (Ministerial Recommendation No. 4 of 2008) for a correct assessment of the risk of suicide were analyzed. The operational indications contained in the protocol of the Italian Society of Psychiatry (SIP, 2013) for the prevention of the risk of suicide were considered. In addition, the NANDA NIC and NOC manuals for care planning were consulted. Results To plan a correct care planning, different interventions and tools have been identified that can be useful for nurses to prevent the risk of suicide in psychiatric patients: - The Nurses' Global Assessment of Suicide Risk (NGASR), a valid and reliable scale to support the nurse in the complex assessment of suicidal intentionality. - The clinical-anamnestic interview, for the evaluation of suicidal ideation and planning. - the environmental considerations to be adopted for the promotion of safety. Conclusions Suicide is a complex phenomenon and it is difficult to classify, because numerous factors contribute to its occurrence. So, risk assessment in psychiatric setting has to focused to research specific and predictor risk factors (RNAO, 2009). The evaluation of these aspects can help nurses to frame the high-risk patients and consequently the probability that suicidal behavours may be development has reduced.
Abstract Introduzione Il suicidio rappresenta un problema di sanità pubblica rilevante, come dimostrato dai numerosi dati raccolti a livello locale e mondiale, ed è diventato un tema di prioritario interesse, come dichiarato dall’Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità, in quanto è una delle prime cause di morte tra i giovani. L’impatto della pandemia sulla salute mentale è stato recentemente valutato dall’Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), raccogliendo una serie di elementi che ben documentano l’aumento di vari fattori di stress psicosociale come recessione economica, lutto, perdita del ruolo/lavoro e della casa, allentamento delle relazioni, e il loro effetto sul numero dei suicidi (Rapporto ISS Covid19 n. 23/2020). Obiettivo L’elaborato si propone di analizzare le principali evidenze che riguardano la prevenzione e gestione del suicidio in soggetti con problemi di salute mentale per orientare la pratica infermieristica verso interventi idonei a garantire il miglior controllo del fenomeno al fine di ridurre e/o prevenire il numero di suicidi e/o tentativi di suicidio. Materiali e metodi Sono state analizzate le raccomandazioni contenute nelle Linee Guida della “Registered Nurses Association of Ontario” (RNAO, 2009) e quelle del Ministero della Salute (Raccomandazione Ministeriale n. 4 del 2008) per una corretta valutazione del rischio di suicidio. Sono state considerate le indicazioni operative contenute nel protocollo della Società Italiana di Psichiatria (SIP, 2013) per la prevenzione del rischio di suicidio. Inoltre sono stati consultati i manuali NANDA NIC e NOC per la pianificazione assistenziale. Risultati Per una corretta pianificazione assistenziale sono stati individuati differenti interventi e strumenti che possono essere utili all’infermiere per prevenire il rischio di suicidio nei soggetti psichiatrici: - la Nurses’ Global Assessment of Suicide Risk (NGASR), una scala valida ed affidabile per supportare l’infermiere nella complessa valutazione dell’intenzionalità suicidaria, - il colloquio clinico-anamnestico, per la valutazione dell’ideazione e pianificazione suicidaria. - le considerazioni ambientali da adottare per la promozione della sicurezza.Conclusioni Il suicidio è un fenomeno complesso e dunque di difficile inquadramento poiché numerosi sono i fattori che concorrono al suo verificarsi. In considerazione di ciò, la valutazione del rischio, in particolare nei setting psichiatrici, richiede una risposta di natura multidimensionale (RNAO, 2009) nell’ambito della quale la valutazione infermieristica al momento della presa in carico è mirata alla ricerca di predittivi e specifici fattori di rischio. La valutazione di questi aspetti può aiutare l’infermiere a inquadrare i soggetti maggiormente a rischio e conseguentemente a mettere in atto interventi assistenziali mirati a ridurre la probabilità che le condotte suicidarie possano essere sviluppate.
L'infermiere nella gestione dei soggetti psichiatrici a rischio di suicidio
PICCOTTI, SARA
2019/2020
Abstract
Abstract Intoduction Numerous data has demonstrated the importance of considering suicide as public health problem. The World Health Organisation (WHO) announced that suicide has become a topic of priority interest because it is one of main causes of death among young people. The effects of COVID pandemic on mental health was recently assessed by “Istituto Superiore della Sanità” (ISS). In this research the suicide number has correlated with several psychosocial stressors such as economic recession, bereavement, loss of role/job/home/relationships. Target The aim of thesis is analyse the main knowledge in prevention and management of suicide risk among psychiatrics patients. With the purpose of development nursing practice able to reduce and/or prevent the number of suicides and/or suicide attempts. Materials and methods The recommendations contained in the Guidelines of the “Registered Nurses Association of Ontario” (RNAO, 2009) and those of the Ministry of Health (Ministerial Recommendation No. 4 of 2008) for a correct assessment of the risk of suicide were analyzed. The operational indications contained in the protocol of the Italian Society of Psychiatry (SIP, 2013) for the prevention of the risk of suicide were considered. In addition, the NANDA NIC and NOC manuals for care planning were consulted. Results To plan a correct care planning, different interventions and tools have been identified that can be useful for nurses to prevent the risk of suicide in psychiatric patients: - The Nurses' Global Assessment of Suicide Risk (NGASR), a valid and reliable scale to support the nurse in the complex assessment of suicidal intentionality. - The clinical-anamnestic interview, for the evaluation of suicidal ideation and planning. - the environmental considerations to be adopted for the promotion of safety. Conclusions Suicide is a complex phenomenon and it is difficult to classify, because numerous factors contribute to its occurrence. So, risk assessment in psychiatric setting has to focused to research specific and predictor risk factors (RNAO, 2009). The evaluation of these aspects can help nurses to frame the high-risk patients and consequently the probability that suicidal behavours may be development has reduced.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/3607