The heat shock 60 protein (Hsp60) is a chaperonin of 60kd composed of two heptameric subunits ring-shaped which performs its function in association with two co-chaperonin Hsp10. Hsp60 is the central player in the proteostasis network by assisting and translocating nascent and stress‐denatured proteins in reaching their native states. Previous neurobiology researches show that mutations in the human gene encoding this protein (HSPD1) lead to a wrong folding of the chaperonin complex, making Hsp60 unable to work. The onset of the mutation is predominantly manifested in the distal region of the very long axons of the corticospinal tract demonstrating that these mutations are linked with motor neuron diseases (MNDs), in particular upper motor neurons (UMNs) diseases, providing an evidence of the important role of Hsp60 in neurodegeneration. In order to understand how these mutations are expressed and monitoring in which way they change motor neuron activity, zebrafish (Danio rerio) offers an excellent alternative vertebrate model for the molecular and genetic dissection of MND mechanisms. Therefore, screening human and zebrafish Hsp60 sequences and matching them each other, reveals a high similarity between them, making this teleost a considerable experimental model to study the genotype related with these neurodegenerative disorders in order to understand how it influences the phenotype from the first stages of the disease. With the aid of a so suitable model such Danio rerio is, the aim of this project is to generate a transgenic zebrafish line to express the Hsp60 (V72I) mutation an autosomal dominant form of pure hereditary spastic paraplegia (SPG13). Therefore, on the basis that very few studies have been performed with zebrafish trying to understand the insurgence and development of MNDs and subsequently the degeneration of UMNs, the terminal stages of the project are focused on study the phenotype in response to an over expression or a knock down of the mutated gene understanding how the onset of the disease behaves respectively to a gain-of-function or a loss-of-function.
La proteina heat shock 60 (Hsp60) è una chaperonina di 60kd formata da un complesso di due subunità eptameriche a forma di anello che esplicano la loro funzione in cooperazione con la co-chaperonina Hsp10. La proteina Hsp60 ha un ruolo centrale nell’omeostasi proteica, assistendo proteine nascenti e denaturate nel formare e mantenere il loro corretto folding. Precedenti ricerche nel campo delle neuroscienze mostrano che mutazioni a carico del gene umano che codifica per questa proteina (HSPD1) corrispondono ad un’errata formazione del complesso proteico della chaperonina, inattivandola. L’insorgenza della malattia si manifesta in modo predominante nei motoneuroni primari mostrando una correlazione tra queste mutazioni e le malattie dei motoneuroni (MNDs), in modo particolare quelle che riguardano i motoneuroni superiori (UMNs), dando una prova dell’importanza dell’attività della proteina Hsp60 nel prevenire malattie neurodegenerative. Con l’intento di comprendere come queste mutazioni siano espresse e in che modo vadano a modificare l’attività dei motoneuroni, zebrafish (Danio rerio) offre un eccellente modello sperimentale per lo studio molecolare e genetico dei meccanismi che regolano suddette patologie. A tale scopo, comparando la sequenza della Hsp60 dell’uomo e di zebrafish, si rivela un’alta similarità tra le due, dimostrando come questo teleosteo sia un ottimo esemplare per lo studio del genotipo correlato a questi disordini, permettendo di comprendere come la mutazione possa influenzare il fenotipo sin dalle prime fasi della malattia. Sulla base del fatto che pochi studi siano stati eseguiti con zebrafish nell’indagare in che modo le malattie dei motoneuroni insorgano, si sviluppino e successivamente provochino la degenerazione dei motoneuroni superiori, l’obbiettivo di questo progetto è quello di produrre una generazione di zebrafish transgenica che esprima la mutazione Hsp60(V72I) ovvero una mutazione autosomica dominante di paraplegia spatica ereditabile pura (SPG13). Nella fase terminale del progetto l’attenzione si focalizzerà nello studiare il fenotipo degli individui mutati in risposta ad una sovraespressione o ad un knockout del gene mutato per comprendere in che modo la malattia si manifesti in risposta a un aumento o a una perdita di funzione del gene interessato.
Creazione di un pesce zebra transgenico per esprimere una proteina heat shock 60 (Hsp60) mutata.
SCORRANO, MANUEL
2018/2019
Abstract
The heat shock 60 protein (Hsp60) is a chaperonin of 60kd composed of two heptameric subunits ring-shaped which performs its function in association with two co-chaperonin Hsp10. Hsp60 is the central player in the proteostasis network by assisting and translocating nascent and stress‐denatured proteins in reaching their native states. Previous neurobiology researches show that mutations in the human gene encoding this protein (HSPD1) lead to a wrong folding of the chaperonin complex, making Hsp60 unable to work. The onset of the mutation is predominantly manifested in the distal region of the very long axons of the corticospinal tract demonstrating that these mutations are linked with motor neuron diseases (MNDs), in particular upper motor neurons (UMNs) diseases, providing an evidence of the important role of Hsp60 in neurodegeneration. In order to understand how these mutations are expressed and monitoring in which way they change motor neuron activity, zebrafish (Danio rerio) offers an excellent alternative vertebrate model for the molecular and genetic dissection of MND mechanisms. Therefore, screening human and zebrafish Hsp60 sequences and matching them each other, reveals a high similarity between them, making this teleost a considerable experimental model to study the genotype related with these neurodegenerative disorders in order to understand how it influences the phenotype from the first stages of the disease. With the aid of a so suitable model such Danio rerio is, the aim of this project is to generate a transgenic zebrafish line to express the Hsp60 (V72I) mutation an autosomal dominant form of pure hereditary spastic paraplegia (SPG13). Therefore, on the basis that very few studies have been performed with zebrafish trying to understand the insurgence and development of MNDs and subsequently the degeneration of UMNs, the terminal stages of the project are focused on study the phenotype in response to an over expression or a knock down of the mutated gene understanding how the onset of the disease behaves respectively to a gain-of-function or a loss-of-function.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Manuel_Scorrano_Tesi_2019.pdf
Open Access dal 21/10/2022
Descrizione: Creazione di un pesce zebra transgenico per esprimere una proteina heat shock 60 (Hsp60) mutata.
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/5535