Marine microalgae are considered a potentially new and valuable source of biologically active molecules for applications in the food industry as well as in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetic sectors. They can be easily cultured, have short generation times and enable an environmentally-friendly approach to drug discovery by overcoming problems associated with the over-utilization of marine resources and the use of destructive collection practices. In this study, 21 diatoms, 7 dinoflagellates, and 4 flagellate species were grown in three different culturing conditions and the corresponding extracts were tested for possible antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-diabetes, antibacterial, and anti-biofilm activities. In addition, for three diatoms we also tested two different clones to disclose diversity in clone bioactivity. Six diatom species displayed specific anti-inflammatory, anticancer (blocking human melanoma cell proliferation), and anti-biofilm (against the bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis) activities whereas, none of the other microalgae were bioactive against the conditions tested for. Furthermore, none of the 6 diatom species tested were toxic on normal human cells. Culturing conditions (i.e., nutrient starvation conditions) greatly influenced bioactivity of the majority of the clones/species tested. This study denotes the potential of diatoms as sources of promising bioactives for the treatment of human pathologies.
Le microalghe marine sono considerate una fonte potenzialmente nuova e preziosa di molecole biologicamente attive per applicazioni nell'industria alimentare, nonché nei settori farmaceutico, nutraceutico e cosmetico. Possono essere facilmente coltivati, hanno tempi di generazione brevi e consentono un approccio ecologico alla scoperta di farmaci superando i problemi associati al sovrasfruttamento delle risorse marine e all'uso di pratiche di raccolta distruttiva. In questo studio, 21 diatomee, 7 dinoflagellati e 4 specie flagellate sono state coltivate in tre diverse condizioni di coltura e gli estratti corrispondenti sono stati testati per possibili attività antiossidanti, antinfiammatorie, antitumorali, anti-diabete, antibatteriche e anti-biofilm. Inoltre, per tre diatomee abbiamo anche testato due cloni diversi per rivelare la diversità nella bioattività dei cloni. Sei specie di diatomee presentavano specifiche attività antinfiammatorie, antitumorali (bloccando la proliferazione cellulare del melanoma umano) e anti-biofilm (contro i batteri Staphylococcus epidermidis) mentre nessuna delle altre microalghe era bioattiva rispetto alle condizioni testate. Inoltre, nessuna delle 6 specie di diatomee testate era tossica su normali cellule umane. Le condizioni di coltivazione (cioè le condizioni limitanti per i nutrienti) hanno fortemente influenzato la bioattività della maggior parte dei cloni / specie testati. Questo studio indica il potenziale delle diatomee come fonti di promettenti bioattivi per il trattamento delle patologie umane.
Screening delle attività biologiche nelle microalghe per identificare capacità antiossidanti, antinfiammatorie, anticancro, antidiabetiche e antibatteriche.
ASTORRI, MARTA
2018/2019
Abstract
Marine microalgae are considered a potentially new and valuable source of biologically active molecules for applications in the food industry as well as in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetic sectors. They can be easily cultured, have short generation times and enable an environmentally-friendly approach to drug discovery by overcoming problems associated with the over-utilization of marine resources and the use of destructive collection practices. In this study, 21 diatoms, 7 dinoflagellates, and 4 flagellate species were grown in three different culturing conditions and the corresponding extracts were tested for possible antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-diabetes, antibacterial, and anti-biofilm activities. In addition, for three diatoms we also tested two different clones to disclose diversity in clone bioactivity. Six diatom species displayed specific anti-inflammatory, anticancer (blocking human melanoma cell proliferation), and anti-biofilm (against the bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis) activities whereas, none of the other microalgae were bioactive against the conditions tested for. Furthermore, none of the 6 diatom species tested were toxic on normal human cells. Culturing conditions (i.e., nutrient starvation conditions) greatly influenced bioactivity of the majority of the clones/species tested. This study denotes the potential of diatoms as sources of promising bioactives for the treatment of human pathologies.I documenti in UNITESI sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/5546