The communication aspect plays a central role in the management of the tracheostomized patient and positively influences the psychophysical well-being of the same. To cope with the impairment of the ability to express oneself freely, alternative communication strategies that allow interaction have been introduced. This literature review aims to identify and describe the most effective communication techniques and determine the benefits they have on the patient's mental and physical health and on the quality of nursing care for tracheostomy patients. Materials and Methods. A literature review was conducted by searching online databases, such as Medline on Pubmed and Cinahl, consulting search engines, such as google scholar and other scientific websites, using a series of filters and keywords. Studies targeting an adult population (age >18 years) were included. Results. Twelve articles were selected, 2 of which evaluated the psychological effects of patient communication, 2 evaluated the effectiveness of nonverbal communication techniques, and the remaining 8 focused on the various nonverbal communication techniques. The results show how each technique leads to the achievement of its primary purpose (to communicate) Conclusions. The research suggested that all communication strategies can improve the relationship between nurses and tracheostomized patients highlighting the beneficial effect of the same on the psychological aspect of the disease. However, it has not been possible to determine the most effective technique because a patient with different characteristics will correspond to a different technique.
L’aspetto comunicativo ha un ruolo centrale nella gestione del paziente tracheostomizzato e influenza positivamente il benessere psicofisico dello stesso. Per fronteggiare la compromissione della capacità di esprimersi liberamente sono state introdotte strategie alternative di comunicazione che permettono l’interazione. Questa revisione della letteratura ha lo scopo di identificare e descrivere le tecniche di comunicazione più efficaci e determinare i benefici che queste hanno sulla salute mentale e fisica del paziente e sulla qualità dell’assistenza infermieristica ai pazienti portatori di tracheostomia. Materiali e metodi. È stata condotta una revisione della letteratura attraverso il searching sulle banche dati online, come Medline su Pubmed e Cinahl, la consultazione su motori di ricerca, quali google scholar e altri siti web scientifici, utilizzando una serie di filtri e parole chiave. Sono stati inclusi studi rivolti a una popolazione adulta (età >18anni). Risultati. Sono stati selezionati dodici articoli di cui 2 vanno a valutare gli effetti psicologici della comunicazione sul paziente, 2 valutano invece l’efficacia delle tecniche di comunicazione non verbale e i restanti 8 si incentrano sulle svariate tecniche di comunicazione non verbale. Dai risultati emerge come ogni tecnica porti al raggiungimento del suo scopo primario (comunicare) Conclusioni. La ricerca ha suggerito che tutte le strategie di comunicazione possono migliorare la relazione tra gli infermieri e i pazienti tracheostomizzati evidenziando l’effetto benefico delle stesse sull’aspetto psicologico della malattia. Tuttavia, non è stato possibile determinare la tecnica più efficace in quanto a paziente con caratteristiche diverse corrisponderà una tecnica diversa.
Difficoltà e tecniche di comunicazione nel paziente tracheostomizzato: una revisione della letteratura
TOSI, GIORGIA
2020/2021
Abstract
The communication aspect plays a central role in the management of the tracheostomized patient and positively influences the psychophysical well-being of the same. To cope with the impairment of the ability to express oneself freely, alternative communication strategies that allow interaction have been introduced. This literature review aims to identify and describe the most effective communication techniques and determine the benefits they have on the patient's mental and physical health and on the quality of nursing care for tracheostomy patients. Materials and Methods. A literature review was conducted by searching online databases, such as Medline on Pubmed and Cinahl, consulting search engines, such as google scholar and other scientific websites, using a series of filters and keywords. Studies targeting an adult population (age >18 years) were included. Results. Twelve articles were selected, 2 of which evaluated the psychological effects of patient communication, 2 evaluated the effectiveness of nonverbal communication techniques, and the remaining 8 focused on the various nonverbal communication techniques. The results show how each technique leads to the achievement of its primary purpose (to communicate) Conclusions. The research suggested that all communication strategies can improve the relationship between nurses and tracheostomized patients highlighting the beneficial effect of the same on the psychological aspect of the disease. However, it has not been possible to determine the most effective technique because a patient with different characteristics will correspond to a different technique.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/828