In November 2019, the first cases of SARS-CoV-2 acute respiratory disease were found in China. The SARS-CoV-2 epidemic has led to a pandemic that has upset the modern society, causing large numbers of victims and making numerous changes to individual and collective lifestyles. By carrying out a search on electronic databases such as Pubmed, Scopus and Web Of Science, a series of searches were selected and analyzed concerning the clinical tests to be carried out in the event that an athlete was infected. The risks and problems associated with the symptoms are assessed, differentiating them by severity, analyzing the cardiovascular sequelae and any comorbidities, with a slight mention of respiratory complications. Furthermore, the guidelines to be adopted for a complete and safe return to sport were analyzed and compared. Research has shown encouraging data that underline that for young athletes, asymptomatic or slightly asymptomatic, the risk is very low. Nevertheless, cases of myocarditis and above all pericarditis have been identified that have resolved in medium to long periods. Pericarditis were found in approximately 25% of patients. Pericarditis could expose patients to a recurrent risk of the disease. Myocardial damage and the resulting myocarditis seem not to be a common phenomenon. All athletes in the study who were asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic were able to return to activity without complications. The data underline that there is still a certain risk factor and that this must be fully assessed by the standardization processes of the guidelines, which as emerged, are developed in such a way as to make it preferable first to identify the various classes of severity of symptoms. and then the evaluation, as appropriate, of the clinical tests to follow.
A novembre 2019 sono stati riscontrati in Cina i primi casi di malattia respiratoria acuta da SARS-CoV-2. L’epidemia di SARS-CoV-2 ha portato ad una pandemia che ha sconvolto l’assetto societario moderno, provocando un ingente numero di vittime e apportando numerose modifiche allo stile di vita individuale e collettivo. Effettuando una ricerca sui database elettronici quali Pubmed, Scopus e Web Of Science sono state selezionate e analizzate una serie di ricerche che riguardavano gli esami clinici da effettuare nel caso in cui un atleta fosse stato infettato. Si valutano i rischi e le problematicità legati ai sintomi, differenziandoli per severità, analizzando le sequele cardiovascolari e le eventuali comorbilità, con un leggero cenno alle complicazioni respiratorie. Inoltre, sono state analizzati e confrontate le linee guida da adottare per un completo e sicuro ritorno allo sport. Dalle ricerche sono emersi dati incoraggianti che sottolineano come per i giovani atleti, asintomatici o lievemente asintomatici, il rischio sia molto basso. Ciononostante, sono stati individuati casi di miocarditi e soprattutto pericarditi che si sono risolti in periodi medio-lunghi. I fenomeni di pericardite sono stati riscontrati all’incirca nel 25% dei pazienti. Questi fenomeni potrebbero esporre i pazienti ad un rischio ricorrente della malattia. Il danno miocardico e le conseguenti miocarditi sembrano non essere un fenomeno comune. Tutti gli atleti dello studio che erano asintomatici o lievemente sintomatici sono stati in grado di tornare all'attività senza complicazioni. I dati sottolineano come ci sia comunque un certo fattore di rischio e che questo debba essere completamente valutato dai processi di standardizzazione delle linee guida, che come emerso, sono sviluppate in maniera tale da rendere preferibile prima l’individuazione delle varie classi di gravità dei sintomi e poi la valutazione, a seconda dei casi, dei test clinici da seguire.
Complicanze post-COVID in giovani atleti
PALLADINO, SAVERIO
2020/2021
Abstract
In November 2019, the first cases of SARS-CoV-2 acute respiratory disease were found in China. The SARS-CoV-2 epidemic has led to a pandemic that has upset the modern society, causing large numbers of victims and making numerous changes to individual and collective lifestyles. By carrying out a search on electronic databases such as Pubmed, Scopus and Web Of Science, a series of searches were selected and analyzed concerning the clinical tests to be carried out in the event that an athlete was infected. The risks and problems associated with the symptoms are assessed, differentiating them by severity, analyzing the cardiovascular sequelae and any comorbidities, with a slight mention of respiratory complications. Furthermore, the guidelines to be adopted for a complete and safe return to sport were analyzed and compared. Research has shown encouraging data that underline that for young athletes, asymptomatic or slightly asymptomatic, the risk is very low. Nevertheless, cases of myocarditis and above all pericarditis have been identified that have resolved in medium to long periods. Pericarditis were found in approximately 25% of patients. Pericarditis could expose patients to a recurrent risk of the disease. Myocardial damage and the resulting myocarditis seem not to be a common phenomenon. All athletes in the study who were asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic were able to return to activity without complications. The data underline that there is still a certain risk factor and that this must be fully assessed by the standardization processes of the guidelines, which as emerged, are developed in such a way as to make it preferable first to identify the various classes of severity of symptoms. and then the evaluation, as appropriate, of the clinical tests to follow.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/882