The purpose of this thesis is to provide the necessary knowledge about the main diseases affecting the Italian apple orchards, but not only. These are appropriate indications that an agronomist must consider setting up an adequate defense strategy in relation to the territorial areas in which it is located. Following an increase in active ingredients withdrawn by the Ministry of Health, to the benefit of human health and the environment, there are now greater problems in the choice of chemical products within a chemical defense method. It thus becomes essential to be able to know and deepen the alternatives that have evolved in recent years. After a brief mention about the evolution of phytosanitary defense and the resulting advantages and disadvantages, there is a discussion on the integrated production of the apple tree. We are talking about the integrated production disciplinary of the apple tree and the aspects of the agronomic and defense part that are of particular interest to farmers. From chapter 4 instead begins the part relating to the main fungal diseases of the apple tree where specifically for each adversity the respective biological cycle, the symptoms, and the most appropriate defense strategies for the protection of apple orchards are discussed at the same time as that of the environment. Several adversities are examined but two out of all are the most relevant and important, the Apple Puncture and the Apple Oidium on which there is an in-depth analysis with some tables listing the active substances regulated by the Marche Region for integrated pest management.
Lo scopo di questa tesi è quello di fornire le necessarie conoscenze riguardo le principali malattie che incidono nei meleti italiani, ma non solo. Si tratta di opportune indicazioni che un agronomo deve tenere in considerazione per impostare un’adeguata strategia di difesa in relazione alle zone territoriali in cui si trova. A seguito di un aumento dei principi attivi revocati dal ministero della salute, a vantaggio della salute dell’uomo e dell’ambiente, oramai si riscontrano maggiori problemi nella scelta dei prodotti chimici all’interno di un metodo di difesa chimico. Diventa così essenziale poter conoscere ed approfondire le alternative che si sono evolute negli ultimi anni. Dopo un breve accenno riguardo l’evoluzione della difesa fitosanitaria e dei vantaggi e svantaggi che ne conseguono, vi è un approfondimento riguardo la produzione integrata del melo. Si parla appunto del disciplinare di produzione integrata del melo e degli aspetti della parte agronomica e di difesa che interessano in particolar modo agli agricoltori. Dal capitolo 4 invece inizia la parte relativa alle principali malattie crittogamiche del melo dove nello specifico per ogni avversità si discute il rispettivo ciclo biologico, la sintomatologia e le strategie di difesa più opportune per la salvaguardia dei meleti in contemporanea a quella dell’ambiente. Diverse sono le avversità prese in esame ma due su tutte sono quelle più rilevanti ed importanti , la Ticchiolatura del melo e l’Oidio del melo su cui vi è un approfondimento con delle tabelle che elencano le sostanze attive regolamentate dalla Regione Marche per una difesa integrata.
PROTEZIONE DEL MELO DALLE MALATTIE CRITTOGAMICHE AGRICOLTURA BIOLOGICA ED INTEGRATA
PASQUALI, DANIELE
2020/2021
Abstract
The purpose of this thesis is to provide the necessary knowledge about the main diseases affecting the Italian apple orchards, but not only. These are appropriate indications that an agronomist must consider setting up an adequate defense strategy in relation to the territorial areas in which it is located. Following an increase in active ingredients withdrawn by the Ministry of Health, to the benefit of human health and the environment, there are now greater problems in the choice of chemical products within a chemical defense method. It thus becomes essential to be able to know and deepen the alternatives that have evolved in recent years. After a brief mention about the evolution of phytosanitary defense and the resulting advantages and disadvantages, there is a discussion on the integrated production of the apple tree. We are talking about the integrated production disciplinary of the apple tree and the aspects of the agronomic and defense part that are of particular interest to farmers. From chapter 4 instead begins the part relating to the main fungal diseases of the apple tree where specifically for each adversity the respective biological cycle, the symptoms, and the most appropriate defense strategies for the protection of apple orchards are discussed at the same time as that of the environment. Several adversities are examined but two out of all are the most relevant and important, the Apple Puncture and the Apple Oidium on which there is an in-depth analysis with some tables listing the active substances regulated by the Marche Region for integrated pest management.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/8946