The following thesis aims to highlight the double contribution that biomethane can provide to energy and agricultural sectors. The paper is divided into two sections, the first is dedicated to the Italian and European energy transition, the second focuses on energy-producing farms. The first part deals with the energy crisis, accentuated by the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, and the energy transition as a solution. The flexibility and adaptation of an anaerobic digestion plant to different contexts, are two factors that will allow the achievement of the European objectives of biomethane production by 2030. The thesis analyzes the possible problems deriving from the development of the biomethane sector, such as the "Food Energy Environment Trilemma", and how a correct management of resources, combined with a targeted political-regulatory vector, can counteract them. The insertion of an anaerobic biodigester within a farm does not automatically generate competitive advantage to the same, but this is created after careful planning, proper management and adaptation of the plant to the context in which it operates, and on the basis of business needs or potential. The creation of a plan for the enhancement of products deriving from the anaerobic digestion process allows the entrepreneur to reach a synergy between business specialization and biomethane production that can be economically sustainable. In the analysis of the regulatory framework, it is highlighted how the incentive is an essential condition for the survival of the farm, and how farmers must plan their biomethane production according to the sustainability requirements reported by the reference regulations.
La seguente tesi si pone l’obiettivo di evidenziare il duplice contributo che il biometano può fornire al settore energetico e a quello agricolo. L’elaborato è suddiviso in due sezioni, la prima è dedicata alla transizione energetica italiana ed europea, la seconda si concentra maggiormente sulle aziende agricole produttrici di energia. Nella prima parte viene affrontata la crisi energetica, accentuata dal conflitto russo ucraino, e la transizione energetica come soluzione. La flessibilità e il facile adattamento di un impianto a digestione anaerobica a differenti contesti, sono due fattori che permetteranno il raggiungimento degli obiettivi europei di produzione di biometano entro il 2030. All’interno della tesi vengono messe in luce le possibili problematiche derivanti dallo sviluppo del settore biometano, come il “Food Energy Environment Trilemma”, e come un corretto management delle risorse, unito ad un vettore politico-normativo mirato, possano contrastarle. L’inserimento di un biodigestore anaerobico all’interno di un’azienda, non genera automaticamente vantaggio competitivo alla stessa, ma questo si crea dopo un’attenta pianificazione, una corretta gestione e un adattamento dell’impianto al contesto in cui opera, e sulla base delle esigenze o potenzialità aziendali. La creazione di un piano di valorizzazione dei prodotti derivanti dal processo di digestione anaerobica permette all’imprenditore di giungere ad una sinergia tra specializzazione aziendale e produzione di biometano che possa essere economicamente sostenibile. Nell’analisi del quadro normativo viene messo in luce come l’incentivo risulti una condizione essenziale per la sopravvivenza dell’azienda, e come gli imprenditori agricoli debbano programmare la propria produzione di biometano in funzione dei requisiti di sostenibilità riportati dalle normative di riferimento.
Biometano: il suo ruolo strategico nella competitività aziendale agricola e negli obiettivi di transizione energetica
NIGRO, ALESSIA
2021/2022
Abstract
The following thesis aims to highlight the double contribution that biomethane can provide to energy and agricultural sectors. The paper is divided into two sections, the first is dedicated to the Italian and European energy transition, the second focuses on energy-producing farms. The first part deals with the energy crisis, accentuated by the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, and the energy transition as a solution. The flexibility and adaptation of an anaerobic digestion plant to different contexts, are two factors that will allow the achievement of the European objectives of biomethane production by 2030. The thesis analyzes the possible problems deriving from the development of the biomethane sector, such as the "Food Energy Environment Trilemma", and how a correct management of resources, combined with a targeted political-regulatory vector, can counteract them. The insertion of an anaerobic biodigester within a farm does not automatically generate competitive advantage to the same, but this is created after careful planning, proper management and adaptation of the plant to the context in which it operates, and on the basis of business needs or potential. The creation of a plan for the enhancement of products deriving from the anaerobic digestion process allows the entrepreneur to reach a synergy between business specialization and biomethane production that can be economically sustainable. In the analysis of the regulatory framework, it is highlighted how the incentive is an essential condition for the survival of the farm, and how farmers must plan their biomethane production according to the sustainability requirements reported by the reference regulations.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/12762