Preclinical evidence has firmly established bidirectional interactions among the brain, the gut, and the gut microbiome. Candidate signaling molecules and at least three communication channels have been identified. Communi- cation within this system is nonlinear, is bidirectional with multiple feedback loops, and likely involves interactions between different channels. Alter- ations in gut–brain–microbiome interactions have been identified in rodent models of several digestive, psychiatric, and neurological disorders. While alterations in gut–brain interactions have clearly been established in irrita- ble bowel syndrome, a causative role of the microbiome in irritable bowel syndrome remains to be determined. In the absence of specific microbial targets for more effective therapies, current approaches are limited to di- etary interventions and centrally targeted pharmacological and behavioral approaches. A more comprehensive understanding of causative influences within the gut–brain–microbiome system and well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed to translate these exciting preclinical findings into effective therapies.
Evidenze pre cliniche hanno fermamente stabilito l’interazione bidirezionale che c’è tra cervello, intestino e microbioma intestinale. Sono state identificate molecole di segnalazione candidate e almeno tre canali di comunicazione. La comunicazione all’interno di questo sistema non è lineare, è bidirezionale con più loops di feedback e probabilmente coinvolge interazioni tra diversi canali. Sono state identificate alterazioni nelle interazioni intestino-cervello-microbioma in modelli di murini con diversi disordini digestivi, psichiatrici e neurologici. Mentre le alterazioni nelle interazioni intestino-cervello sono state chiaramente identificate nella sindrome dell’intestino irritabile, resta da determinare un ruolo causale del microbioma nella sindrome dell’intestino irritabile. In assenza di specifici bersagli microbici per terapie più efficaci, gli approcci attuali sono limitati agli interventi dietetici e agli approcci farmacologici e approcci comportamentali. È necessaria una comprensione più completa delle influenze causali del sistema intestino-cervello-microbioma e studi clinici randomizzati ben progettati per tradurre queste entusiasmanti scoperte pre cliniche in terapie efficaci.
L’asse intestino-cervello
TALONE, AURORA LAVINIA
2023/2024
Abstract
Preclinical evidence has firmly established bidirectional interactions among the brain, the gut, and the gut microbiome. Candidate signaling molecules and at least three communication channels have been identified. Communi- cation within this system is nonlinear, is bidirectional with multiple feedback loops, and likely involves interactions between different channels. Alter- ations in gut–brain–microbiome interactions have been identified in rodent models of several digestive, psychiatric, and neurological disorders. While alterations in gut–brain interactions have clearly been established in irrita- ble bowel syndrome, a causative role of the microbiome in irritable bowel syndrome remains to be determined. In the absence of specific microbial targets for more effective therapies, current approaches are limited to di- etary interventions and centrally targeted pharmacological and behavioral approaches. A more comprehensive understanding of causative influences within the gut–brain–microbiome system and well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed to translate these exciting preclinical findings into effective therapies.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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_Tesi Aurora Lavinia Talone- L’asse intestino-cervello.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/20496