ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Vascular access devices (VAD) are essential tools for administering long-term intravenous therapies, such as chemotherapy, parenteral nutrition, and antibiotics. The main VADs include central venous catheters (CVCs), PICCs, and Port-a-Caths. Their correct use and maintenance reduces the risk of infectious, thrombotic, and mechanical complications, improving clinical outcomes and quality of care. The management of VADs requires specific skills in placement, maintenance, and complication management, which are essential not only for nurses but also for nursing students, who must acquire them during their university studies through appropriate theoretical and practical training (GaVecelt, 2024). The main purpose of this study is to thoroughly assess the level of theoretical and practical preparation of students enrolled in the Nursing Degree Course at the Polytechnic University of Marche (UNIVPM) with regard to the management of venous access devices (VADs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A structured questionnaire was developed, with Likert scale and open-ended questions, to assess the preparation of students in the three years of the Nursing Degree Course at the Polytechnic University of Marche (UNIVPM). Administered anonymously and voluntarily, the questionnaire allows for the analysis of differences between various levels of training. RESULTS: A total of 194 students participated in the study, 75% of whom were female. Most of the questionnaires (64%) came from the Ascoli Piceno campus, followed by Ancona (14%) and other locations with lower percentages, highlighting an uneven distribution. The results indicate that in Ascoli Piceno, the majority of students strongly agreed on the clarity and effectiveness of the training received, while low participation in Ancona limits the evaluation of that location. The Fermo, Macerata, and Pesaro-Urbino campuses showed lower quality responses, suggesting less in-depth preparation on VADs. ANALYSIS: A descriptive analysis of the variables was conducted by calculating absolute frequencies (n.), percentages (%), and contingency tables to summarize the characteristics of the sample and the relationships between categorical variables. The association between variables was assessed using the chi-square test (χ²), with a significance level set at p < 0.05. DISCUSSION: The results show a positive perception of the SCORE scale, especially in Ascoli Piceno, probably linked to more effective teaching or greater practical experience. Knowledge of the guidelines for PICC dressing was also good, particularly in Ascoli, while knowledge of Port-a-Cath improved with age. However, gaps in knowledge were found in some areas, such as signs of infection in patients with PICC, especially in the Fermo center. The students suggested enhancing seminars, practical workshops, and teaching modules, with particular attention to the use of ultrasound to improve skills in VAD management. KEYWORDS: “PICC,” “Central Venous Catheters,” “knowledge of nursing students,” “Nursing education”
ABSTRACT INTRODUZIONE: I dispositivi di accesso vascolare (VAD) sono strumenti essenziali per la somministrazione di terapie endovenose a lungo termine, come chemioterapia, nutrizione parenterale e antibiotici. Tra i principali VAD si distinguono i cateteri venosi centrali (CVC), i PICC e i Port-a-Cath. Il loro corretto utilizzo e mantenimento riduce il rischio di complicanze infettive, trombotiche e meccaniche, migliorando gli esiti clinici e la qualità dell’assistenza. La gestione dei VAD richiede competenze specifiche sul posizionamento, la manutenzione e la gestione delle complicanze, competenze fondamentali non solo per gli infermieri, ma anche per gli studenti di infermieristica, che devono acquisirle già durante il percorso universitario attraverso una formazione teorico-pratica adeguata (GaVecelt, 2024). Lo scopo principale di questo studio è valutare in modo approfondito il livello di preparazione teorico-pratica degli studenti del Corso di Laurea in Infermieristica dell’Università Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM) riguardo la gestione dei dispositivi di accesso venoso (VAD). MATERIALI E METODI: È stato realizzato un questionario strutturato, con domande su scala Likert e aperta, per valutare la preparazione degli studenti dei tre anni del Corso di Laurea in Infermieristica dell’Università Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM). Somministrato in forma anonima e volontaria, il questionario consente di analizzare le differenze tra i vari livelli di formazione. RISULTATI: Allo studio hanno partecipato 194 studenti, per il 75% di sesso femminile. La maggior parte dei questionari (64%) proviene dal Polo di Ascoli Piceno, seguito da Ancona (14%) e altre sedi con percentuali inferiori, evidenziando una distribuzione non omogenea. I risultati indicano che ad Ascoli Piceno la maggioranza degli studenti ha espresso un forte accordo sulla chiarezza e l’efficacia della formazione ricevuta, mentre la bassa partecipazione ad Ancona limita la valutazione di quella sede. I Poli di Fermo, Macerata e Pesaro-Urbino hanno mostrato risposte di qualità inferiore, suggerendo una preparazione meno approfondita sui VAD. ANALISI: È stata condotta un’analisi descrittiva delle variabili mediante il calcolo di frequenze assolute (n.), percentuali (%) e tabelle di contingenza, per sintetizzare le caratteristiche del campione e le relazioni tra variabili categoriali. L’associazione tra le variabili è stata valutata tramite il test del chi quadrato (χ²), con livello di significatività fissato a p < 0,05. DISCUSSIONE: I risultati evidenziano una percezione positiva della scala SCORE, soprattutto ad Ascoli Piceno, probabilmente legata a una didattica più efficace o a una maggiore esperienza pratica. Anche la conoscenza delle Linee Guida per la medicazione del PICC è risultata buona, in particolare ad Ascoli, mentre la conoscenza del Port-a-Cath migliora con l’avanzare degli anni. Sono state però rilevate carenze nella conoscenza di alcuni aspetti, come i segni di infezione nei pazienti con PICC, soprattutto nel polo di Fermo. Gli studenti hanno suggerito di potenziare seminari, laboratori pratici e moduli didattici, con particolare attenzione all’uso dell’ecografo per migliorare le competenze nella gestione dei VAD. KEYWORDS: “PICC”, “Central Venous Catheters”, “knowledge of nursing students”, “Education nursing
Valutazione dell'efficacia didattica nella formazione infermieristica dei vascular access device access device (VAD): uno studio UNVPM.
ANTONELLI, MARTINA
2024/2025
Abstract
ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Vascular access devices (VAD) are essential tools for administering long-term intravenous therapies, such as chemotherapy, parenteral nutrition, and antibiotics. The main VADs include central venous catheters (CVCs), PICCs, and Port-a-Caths. Their correct use and maintenance reduces the risk of infectious, thrombotic, and mechanical complications, improving clinical outcomes and quality of care. The management of VADs requires specific skills in placement, maintenance, and complication management, which are essential not only for nurses but also for nursing students, who must acquire them during their university studies through appropriate theoretical and practical training (GaVecelt, 2024). The main purpose of this study is to thoroughly assess the level of theoretical and practical preparation of students enrolled in the Nursing Degree Course at the Polytechnic University of Marche (UNIVPM) with regard to the management of venous access devices (VADs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A structured questionnaire was developed, with Likert scale and open-ended questions, to assess the preparation of students in the three years of the Nursing Degree Course at the Polytechnic University of Marche (UNIVPM). Administered anonymously and voluntarily, the questionnaire allows for the analysis of differences between various levels of training. RESULTS: A total of 194 students participated in the study, 75% of whom were female. Most of the questionnaires (64%) came from the Ascoli Piceno campus, followed by Ancona (14%) and other locations with lower percentages, highlighting an uneven distribution. The results indicate that in Ascoli Piceno, the majority of students strongly agreed on the clarity and effectiveness of the training received, while low participation in Ancona limits the evaluation of that location. The Fermo, Macerata, and Pesaro-Urbino campuses showed lower quality responses, suggesting less in-depth preparation on VADs. ANALYSIS: A descriptive analysis of the variables was conducted by calculating absolute frequencies (n.), percentages (%), and contingency tables to summarize the characteristics of the sample and the relationships between categorical variables. The association between variables was assessed using the chi-square test (χ²), with a significance level set at p < 0.05. DISCUSSION: The results show a positive perception of the SCORE scale, especially in Ascoli Piceno, probably linked to more effective teaching or greater practical experience. Knowledge of the guidelines for PICC dressing was also good, particularly in Ascoli, while knowledge of Port-a-Cath improved with age. However, gaps in knowledge were found in some areas, such as signs of infection in patients with PICC, especially in the Fermo center. The students suggested enhancing seminars, practical workshops, and teaching modules, with particular attention to the use of ultrasound to improve skills in VAD management. KEYWORDS: “PICC,” “Central Venous Catheters,” “knowledge of nursing students,” “Nursing education”| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/24188