This thesis explores the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a driver for Sustainable Agriculture, analyzing the ecological transition required by international and european frameworks such as the European Green Deal and the new CAP. Facing an unsustainable global footprint and increasing climate uncertainty that results in billions of euros in economic losses, the research examines the technological evolution from Agriculture 1.0 to 5.0, rooted in data-driven management and digital transformation. The central focus of the work is risk management, comparing the technical limitations of traditional indemnity-based policies with the innovative advantages of the parametric insurance model (index-based), which is capable of offering rapid, transparent, and objective payouts. An experimental case study in viticulture (Marche region) is presented, utilizing a low-cost hardware-software system based on Raspberry Pi 5 and computer vision algorithms (YOLOv8) for the georeferenced mapping of grape clusters. The results demonstrate that integrating real-time data and AI models can drastically reduce information asymmetries and the subjectivity of manual surveys, providing objective evidence of meteorological damage. Ultimately, the strategic alliance between emerging technologies and innovative insurance tools transforms climate uncertainty into a measurable and manageable risk, ensuring the financial resilience and operational continuity of the primary sector.
L'elaborato indaga il potenziale dell'Intelligenza Artificiale (AI) come motore dell'agricoltura sostenibile, analizzando la transizione ecologica richiesta dai quadri normativi internazionali ed europei come il Green Deal Europeo e la nuova PAC. A fronte di un'impronta ecologica globale insostenibile e di una crescente incertezza climatica che genera perdite economiche miliardarie, la tesi esamina l'evoluzione tecnologica dall'agricoltura 1.0 alla 5.0, basata su dati e digitalizzazione. Il focus centrale della ricerca è la gestione del rischio, mettendo a confronto le criticità delle polizze tradizionali con i vantaggi del modello assicurativo parametrico (index-based), capace di offrire risarcimenti rapidi, trasparenti e oggettivi. Viene presentato un caso studio sperimentale applicato alla viticoltura marchigiana, in cui l'impiego di un sistema hardware-software a basso costo (Raspberry Pi 5) e algoritmi di visione artificiale (YOLOv8) permette la mappatura georeferenziata dei grappoli d'uva. I risultati dimostrano come l'integrazione di dati reali e modelli AI possa ridurre drasticamente le asimmetrie informative e la soggettività delle perizie manuali, garantendo una maggiore resilienza finanziaria alle aziende agricole. In definitiva, l'alleanza strategica tra tecnologie emergenti e strumenti assicurativi innovativi trasforma l'incertezza climatica in un rischio misurabile e gestibile, assicurando la continuità operativa del settore primario.
Intelligenza artificiale e agricoltura sostenibile: verso un'alleanza strategica? Una valutazione attraverso il modello assicurativo
GUARINO, BRISCITTA
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis explores the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a driver for Sustainable Agriculture, analyzing the ecological transition required by international and european frameworks such as the European Green Deal and the new CAP. Facing an unsustainable global footprint and increasing climate uncertainty that results in billions of euros in economic losses, the research examines the technological evolution from Agriculture 1.0 to 5.0, rooted in data-driven management and digital transformation. The central focus of the work is risk management, comparing the technical limitations of traditional indemnity-based policies with the innovative advantages of the parametric insurance model (index-based), which is capable of offering rapid, transparent, and objective payouts. An experimental case study in viticulture (Marche region) is presented, utilizing a low-cost hardware-software system based on Raspberry Pi 5 and computer vision algorithms (YOLOv8) for the georeferenced mapping of grape clusters. The results demonstrate that integrating real-time data and AI models can drastically reduce information asymmetries and the subjectivity of manual surveys, providing objective evidence of meteorological damage. Ultimately, the strategic alliance between emerging technologies and innovative insurance tools transforms climate uncertainty into a measurable and manageable risk, ensuring the financial resilience and operational continuity of the primary sector.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Tesi Briscitta Guarino completa.pdf
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Descrizione: Elaborato finale di tesi di laurea magistrale di Briscitta Guarino
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1.84 MB | Adobe PDF |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/25910