This thesis examines the role of Audit Data Analytics in the evolution of external auditing, with specific reference to the use of Benford’s Law as a tool to support the identification of accounting anomalies and potential fraud indicators. After discussing the limitations of traditional auditing, the impact of digitalization and the shift towards data-driven audit models, the study focuses on the concept of auditing by exception, highlighting how full-population analysis can help auditors direct their attention towards more relevant areas and transactions. Benford’s Law is not considered as an autonomous source of audit evidence, but rather as a preliminary screening technique aimed at detecting deviations between observed digit distributions and theoretical expectations. The empirical case study applies this approach to an anonymized corporate bank account. The deviations identified through Benford analysis are then linked to the underlying transactions and further organized through a priority scoring model, in order to identify the transactions most suitable for follow-up procedures. The results show that data-driven tools can improve the effectiveness and documentation of audit activities, provided that they are integrated with the auditor’s professional judgement. The anomalies identified do not constitute evidence of error or fraud by themselves; rather, they represent warning signals that must be interpreted in light of the business context, internal procedures and the system of internal control.
La presente tesi analizza il ruolo degli Audit Data Analytics nell’evoluzione della revisione legale, con particolare riferimento all’utilizzo della Legge di Benford come strumento di supporto all’individuazione di anomalie contabili e possibili segnali di frode. Dopo aver esaminato i limiti della revisione tradizionale, l’impatto della digitalizzazione e il passaggio verso modelli di audit data-driven, il lavoro approfondisce il concetto di audit per eccezioni, evidenziando come l’analisi dell’intera popolazione dei dati possa contribuire a orientare in modo più mirato l’attività del revisore. La Legge di Benford viene considerata non come uno strumento probatorio autonomo, ma come tecnica di screening preliminare, utile per individuare scostamenti tra distribuzioni osservate e distribuzioni teoriche attese. Il caso studio applica tale impostazione a un conto corrente aziendale anonimizzato, selezionato mediante una procedura preliminare. Successivamente, gli scostamenti emersi dall’analisi Benford vengono ricondotti alle transazioni sottostanti e organizzati attraverso uno score di priorità, al fine di individuare le operazioni maggiormente meritevoli di follow-up. I risultati evidenziano che gli strumenti data-driven possono migliorare l’efficacia e la documentabilità della revisione, purché siano integrati nel giudizio professionale del revisore. Le anomalie individuate non costituiscono prova di errore o frode, ma rappresentano segnali di attenzione da interpretare alla luce del contesto aziendale, delle procedure interne e del sistema di controllo.
Data Analytics e Revisione Legale: la Legge di Benford nell'individuazione delle frodi. Un caso studio
DIPINETO, CRISTIAN
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis examines the role of Audit Data Analytics in the evolution of external auditing, with specific reference to the use of Benford’s Law as a tool to support the identification of accounting anomalies and potential fraud indicators. After discussing the limitations of traditional auditing, the impact of digitalization and the shift towards data-driven audit models, the study focuses on the concept of auditing by exception, highlighting how full-population analysis can help auditors direct their attention towards more relevant areas and transactions. Benford’s Law is not considered as an autonomous source of audit evidence, but rather as a preliminary screening technique aimed at detecting deviations between observed digit distributions and theoretical expectations. The empirical case study applies this approach to an anonymized corporate bank account. The deviations identified through Benford analysis are then linked to the underlying transactions and further organized through a priority scoring model, in order to identify the transactions most suitable for follow-up procedures. The results show that data-driven tools can improve the effectiveness and documentation of audit activities, provided that they are integrated with the auditor’s professional judgement. The anomalies identified do not constitute evidence of error or fraud by themselves; rather, they represent warning signals that must be interpreted in light of the business context, internal procedures and the system of internal control.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Descrizione: Tesi Dipineto 1116569
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/26915