ABSTRACT Breakground Breastfeeding is the gold standard for infant nutrition thanks to its numerous nutritional, immunological, and relational benefits. Major international organizations, including the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF, recommend exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life and continued breastfeeding up to two years of age and beyond. However, knowledge gaps persist and care practices that are not always consistent with scientific evidence, especially in non-specialized hospital settings, where maintaining breastfeeding during the mother's or child's hospitalization can be particularly challenging. Objective Analyze the knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes of healthcare students and nurses working in areas other than maternal and child care regarding breastfeeding and the management of hospitalized nursing mothers. Identify any training needs and critical care issues. Develop a pre-service training proposal and dedicated care protocol. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional, descriptive observational study was conducted using an anonymous, online questionnaire, developed using validated tools available in the literature (BBAKQ, CAPA, IIFAS, ECoLaE). The study involved students from the Health Professions Degree Programs at the Polytechnic University of Marche and nurses working in departments other than maternal and child health from the Nursing Profession Association of Teramo. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, using the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results A total of 108 students and 56 nurses participated in the study. The results showed an overall positive attitude toward breastfeeding, but also significant knowledge gaps regarding specific clinical conditions and breastfeeding management during hospitalization. Statistically significant differences emerged between groups concerning the benefits of prolonged breastfeeding, compatibility with certain clinical and pharmacological conditions, continuation of breastfeeding during child hospitalization, and knowledge of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes. Discussion The findings confirm what has been reported in both national and international literature regarding the need to strengthen healthcare professionals’ education on breastfeeding. In particular, the study highlights the importance of developing specific care protocols for the management of hospitalized breastfeeding mothers in non-specialized settings, in order to prevent potentially avoidable breastfeeding interruption and ensure continuity of care. Conclusions In light of these findings, it is essential, in addition to implementing basic training, to adopt interdisciplinary company procedures to ensure continuity of the mother-infant relationship/nutrition during hospitalization. Strengthen the role of nurses, who are emerging as a key figure in the early identification of breastfeeding mothers' needs, in assessing critical care issues, in providing health education, and in referring them to expert professionals when necessary. Ensure hospital-community continuity. Keywords: Breastfeeding; nurses; healthcare profession students; hospitalization; healthcare educat
ABSTRACT Background: L’allattamento materno rappresenta il gold standard per l’alimentazione del neonato grazie ai numerosi benefici nutrizionali, immunologici e relazionali.Le principali organizzazioni internazionali, tra cui Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità (OMS) e UNICEF, raccomandano l’allattamento esclusivo nei primi sei mesi di vita e la sua prosecuzione fino ai due anni e oltre. Tuttavia, persistono ancora lacune conoscitive e pratiche assistenziali non sempre coerenti con le evidenze scientifiche, soprattutto nei contesti ospedalieri diversi dal materno-infantile, dove il mantenimento dell’allattamento durante il ricovero della madre o del bambino può risultare particolarmente complesso. Obiettivi: Analizzare le conoscenze, le percezioni e gli atteggiamenti degli studenti delle Professioni Sanitarie e degli Infermieri operanti in aree diverse dal materno-infantile riguardo all’allattamento materno e alla gestione della madre nutrice ospedalizzata. Individuare eventuali bisogni formativi e criticità assistenziali. Sviluppare una proposta di formazione pre-service e protocollo assistenziale dedicato. Materiali e Metodi: È stato condotto uno studio osservazionale descrittivo trasversale mediante somministrazione di un questionario. In modalità anonima e online, elaborato a partire da strumenti validati presenti in letteratura (BBAKQ, CAPA, IIFAS, ECoLaE). Lo studio ha coinvolto studenti dei Corsi di Laurea delle Professioni Sanitarie dell’Università Politecnica delle Marche e Infermieri operanti in reparti diversi dal materno-infantile, dell’Ordine della Professione Infermieristica di Teramo. I dati sono stati analizzati mediante statistica descrittiva e inferenziale, utilizzando i test di Mann-Whitney U e Kruskal-Wallis. Risultati: Hanno partecipato allo studio 108 studenti e 56 infermieri. I risultati evidenziano una generale propensione positiva verso l’allattamento materno, ma con significative lacune conoscitive riguardanti specifiche condizioni cliniche e la gestione dell’allattamento durante il ricovero ospedaliero. Sono emerse differenze statisticamente significative tra gruppi relativamente ai benefici dell’allattamento prolungato, alla compatibilità con alcune condizioni cliniche e farmacologiche, alla prosecuzione dell’allattamento durante l’ospedalizzazione del bambino e alla conoscenza del Codice Internazionale di Commercializzazione dei Sostituti del Latte Materno. Discussione: I risultati confermano quanto riportato dalla letteratura nazionale e internazionale riguardo alla necessità di implementare una formazione base pre-service e in service dei futuri Professionisti Sanitari su questo tema. Inoltre, emerge la necessità di sviluppare protocolli assistenziali specifici e omogenei per la gestione della madre ospedalizzata in aree diverse dall’ ostetricia/ginecologia, al fine di prevenire interruzioni dell’allattamento potenzialmente evitabili e garantire continuità assistenziale. Conclusioni: Alla luce di tali risultati, emerge la necessità, oltre ad implementare la formazione di base, anche di adottare procedure aziendali interdisciplinari per garantire la continuità della relazione/nutrizione madre-bambino durante il ricovero. Potenziare il ruolo dell’infermiere, che emerge come figura centrale nell’identificazione precoce dei bisogni della madre che allatta, nella valutazione delle criticità assistenziali, nell’educazione sanitaria e nell’orientamento verso professionisti esperti quando necessario. Garantire la continuità ospedale-territorio. Parole Chiave: Allattamento materno; infermieri; studenti delle professioni sanitarie; ospedalizzazione; formazione sanitaria; latte materno; continuità assistenziale; evidence-based nursing.
La tutela dell’allattamento materno in caso di ospedalizzazione della madre nutrice: indagine conoscitiva e proposta organizzativa per le degenze di area diversa dal materno infantile
FAGIOLI, MONICA
2025/2026
Abstract
ABSTRACT Breakground Breastfeeding is the gold standard for infant nutrition thanks to its numerous nutritional, immunological, and relational benefits. Major international organizations, including the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF, recommend exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life and continued breastfeeding up to two years of age and beyond. However, knowledge gaps persist and care practices that are not always consistent with scientific evidence, especially in non-specialized hospital settings, where maintaining breastfeeding during the mother's or child's hospitalization can be particularly challenging. Objective Analyze the knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes of healthcare students and nurses working in areas other than maternal and child care regarding breastfeeding and the management of hospitalized nursing mothers. Identify any training needs and critical care issues. Develop a pre-service training proposal and dedicated care protocol. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional, descriptive observational study was conducted using an anonymous, online questionnaire, developed using validated tools available in the literature (BBAKQ, CAPA, IIFAS, ECoLaE). The study involved students from the Health Professions Degree Programs at the Polytechnic University of Marche and nurses working in departments other than maternal and child health from the Nursing Profession Association of Teramo. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, using the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results A total of 108 students and 56 nurses participated in the study. The results showed an overall positive attitude toward breastfeeding, but also significant knowledge gaps regarding specific clinical conditions and breastfeeding management during hospitalization. Statistically significant differences emerged between groups concerning the benefits of prolonged breastfeeding, compatibility with certain clinical and pharmacological conditions, continuation of breastfeeding during child hospitalization, and knowledge of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes. Discussion The findings confirm what has been reported in both national and international literature regarding the need to strengthen healthcare professionals’ education on breastfeeding. In particular, the study highlights the importance of developing specific care protocols for the management of hospitalized breastfeeding mothers in non-specialized settings, in order to prevent potentially avoidable breastfeeding interruption and ensure continuity of care. Conclusions In light of these findings, it is essential, in addition to implementing basic training, to adopt interdisciplinary company procedures to ensure continuity of the mother-infant relationship/nutrition during hospitalization. Strengthen the role of nurses, who are emerging as a key figure in the early identification of breastfeeding mothers' needs, in assessing critical care issues, in providing health education, and in referring them to expert professionals when necessary. Ensure hospital-community continuity. Keywords: Breastfeeding; nurses; healthcare profession students; hospitalization; healthcare educat| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/27029