Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) provides information on tissue composition and, through virtual non-calcium reconstructions, enables the assessment of bone marrow changes consistent with edema. This experimental phantom study compared the Dual Source acquisition mode of the SOMATOM Force with the TwinSpiral mode of the SOMATOM X.cite, both using an 80/Sn150 kV combination. The phantom contained preparations with different volumetric proportions of water and liquid paraffin, used as a simplified model of the aqueous and lipid components of bone marrow. Four compositions were included in the main analysis; the 50/50 formulation was excluded because of a marked discrepancy between two independently prepared samples. Acquisitions were performed at the isocenter and with a lateral displacement of 10 cm. Mean attenuation and the standard deviation of pixel values were measured using regions of interest (ROIs) on the separate energy datasets, with an additional five-ROI assessment at the isocenter. The attenuation difference between the two energy datasets (ΔHU) and the Dual Energy Ratio (DER), using water as the reference material, were also calculated. Mean attenuation values were generally close between the two systems, with a maximum difference of 4.8 HU between the five-ROI averages at the isocenter. TwinSpiral showed higher SD values at 80 kV, whereas the comparison at Sn150 varied with the preparation. Off-centering affected the measurements. DER values were close in the preparations with higher paraffin content but were unstable in the preparation containing 75% water. The findings indicate descriptive agreement between the systems under the experimental conditions investigated, without demonstrating physical or statistical equivalence. The absence of repeated acquisitions, assessment of VNCa reconstructions, and patient examinations prevents conclusions regarding diagnostic performance in the detection of bone marrow edema.
La tomografia computerizzata Dual Energy (DECT) consente di ottenere informazioni sulla composizione dei tessuti e, mediante ricostruzioni virtuali non-calcio, di valutare alterazioni del midollo osseo compatibili con edema. Il presente studio sperimentale su fantoccio ha confrontato la modalità Dual Source del SOMATOM Force e la modalità TwinSpiral del SOMATOM X.cite, entrambe utilizzate con la combinazione di tensioni 80/Sn150 kV. Il fantoccio conteneva preparazioni con differenti proporzioni volumetriche di acqua e paraffina liquida, impiegate come modello semplificato delle componenti acquosa e lipidica del midollo osseo. Quattro composizioni sono state incluse nell’analisi principale; la formulazione 50/50 è stata esclusa per una marcata discrepanza tra due allestimenti indipendenti. Le acquisizioni sono state eseguite all’isocentro e con decentramento laterale di 10 cm. Sulle serie energetiche separate sono stati misurati il valore medio di attenuazione e la deviazione standard dei pixel mediante ROI, con un approfondimento mediante cinque ROI all’isocentro. Sono stati inoltre calcolati la differenza di attenuazione tra le due serie energetiche (ΔHU) e il Dual Energy Ratio (DER), utilizzando l’acqua come riferimento. I valori medi di attenuazione sono risultati generalmente vicini tra i due sistemi, con una differenza massima di 4,8 HU tra le medie delle cinque ROI all’isocentro. TwinSpiral ha mostrato SD superiori a 80 kV, mentre a Sn150 il confronto è variato con la preparazione. Il decentramento ha modificato le misurazioni. Il DER ha mostrato valori vicini nelle preparazioni a maggiore contenuto di paraffina, risultando invece instabile nella preparazione con il 75% di acqua. I risultati indicano una concordanza descrittiva tra i sistemi nelle condizioni sperimentali considerate, senza dimostrarne l’equivalenza fisica o statistica. L’assenza di acquisizioni ripetute, analisi delle ricostruzioni VNCa e valutazioni su pazienti non consente di trarre conclusioni sulle prestazioni diagnostiche nell’identificazione dell’edema osseo.
STUDIO DELL'EDEMA OSSEO IN TOMOGRAFIA COMPUTERIZZATA: CONFRONTO TRA TECNOLOGIE SPETTRALI SOURCE BASED
RAFFAELLI, NICO
2025/2026
Abstract
Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) provides information on tissue composition and, through virtual non-calcium reconstructions, enables the assessment of bone marrow changes consistent with edema. This experimental phantom study compared the Dual Source acquisition mode of the SOMATOM Force with the TwinSpiral mode of the SOMATOM X.cite, both using an 80/Sn150 kV combination. The phantom contained preparations with different volumetric proportions of water and liquid paraffin, used as a simplified model of the aqueous and lipid components of bone marrow. Four compositions were included in the main analysis; the 50/50 formulation was excluded because of a marked discrepancy between two independently prepared samples. Acquisitions were performed at the isocenter and with a lateral displacement of 10 cm. Mean attenuation and the standard deviation of pixel values were measured using regions of interest (ROIs) on the separate energy datasets, with an additional five-ROI assessment at the isocenter. The attenuation difference between the two energy datasets (ΔHU) and the Dual Energy Ratio (DER), using water as the reference material, were also calculated. Mean attenuation values were generally close between the two systems, with a maximum difference of 4.8 HU between the five-ROI averages at the isocenter. TwinSpiral showed higher SD values at 80 kV, whereas the comparison at Sn150 varied with the preparation. Off-centering affected the measurements. DER values were close in the preparations with higher paraffin content but were unstable in the preparation containing 75% water. The findings indicate descriptive agreement between the systems under the experimental conditions investigated, without demonstrating physical or statistical equivalence. The absence of repeated acquisitions, assessment of VNCa reconstructions, and patient examinations prevents conclusions regarding diagnostic performance in the detection of bone marrow edema.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/29851