INTRODUCTION. Twin pregnancies represent a unique and fascinating phenomenon within the field of obstetrics: two lives developing simultaneously in the mother's womb, two individuals sharing a special bond from the earliest moments of their existence. However, this wonder of nature is often accompanied by clinical challenges and complex medical decisions that involve the well-being of both the mother and her twins. In recent decades, the rate of cesarean sections in twin pregnancies has significantly increased, surpassing the limit defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) and raising questions about best practices and appropriate indications for this patient population. OBJECTIVES. The objective of this thesis is to analyze the practices related to the management of twin pregnancies at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of "G. Salesi" with the intention of identifying the main indications for cesarean section and possible strategies to promote vaginal delivery, thereby reducing primary cesarean section rates. Maternal and fetal outcomes will be examined to provide evidence-based recommendations for improving care for women expecting twins and promoting informed and personalized clinical decisions. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Data were collected anonymously from n=100 women who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria between April 1, 2023, and October 1, 2023. Specifically, women with dichorionic diamniotic and monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies who gave birth at a gestational age ≥ 32 between January 1, 2021, and May 31, 2023, at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department "G. Salesi" in Ancona were included. Clinical data were collected from outpatient and inpatient medical records, shared network files within the hospital, and the hospital's birthing registry. Data analysis was performed using Excel and R (version 4.2.2). RESULTS. From the study and analysis of the 100 selected cases, a high rate of cesarean sections (90%) was observed compared to vaginal deliveries (10%). Furthermore, a high rate of primary cesarean sections (70%) was observed in contrast to repeat cesarean sections (30%). There was no significant difference in Apgar scores based on the delivery mode or associated pregnancy complications. Differences were noted in gestational weeks at delivery based on chorionicity, as well as a significant difference in the delivery mode based on fetal presentation. CONCLUSION. The data highlights the essential need for the training of expert clinicians in the management of twin deliveries and the consideration of specific protocols for identifying candidates for vaginal delivery. The health of mothers and their twins is of primary importance, and this thesis aims to contribute to ensuring that clinical decisions are informed by the best available evidence to optimize outcomes for both. It is hoped that this work will pave the way for a more judicious and personalized approach to twin pregnancies, placing patient experience and safety at the forefront.
INTRODUZIONE. Le gravidanze gemellari rappresentano un fenomeno unico ed affascinante all’interno del mondo dell’ostetricia: due vite che si sviluppano contemporaneamente nel grembo materno, due individui che condividono un legame speciale fin dai primi istanti della loro esistenza. Tuttavia, questa meraviglia della natura è spesso accompagnata da sfide cliniche e decisioni mediche complesse che coinvolgono il benessere della madre e dei suoi gemelli. Negli ultimi decenni il tasso di tagli cesarei nelle gravidanze gemellari è aumentato in modo significativo, superando di gran lunga il limite definito dall’OMS e sollevando interrogativi sulle migliori pratiche e le indicazioni appropriate per questa categoria di pazienti. OBIETTIVI. L’obiettivo di questa tesi è quello di analizzare le pratiche relative alla gestione al parto delle gravidanze gemellari nell’U.O. Ostetricia e Ginecologia “G.Salesi” con l’intento di identificare le principali indicazioni al parto cesareo e le possibili strategie per promuovere il parto vaginale con conseguente riduzione dei tassi di tagli cesarei primari. Saranno esaminati gli outcome materni e fetali al fine di fornire raccomandazioni basate sull’evidenza per migliorare l’assistenza alle donne in attesa di gemelli e promuovere decisioni cliniche informate e personalizzate. MATERIALI E METODI. Nel periodo di tempo intercorrente tra il 01/04/2023 e il 01/10/2023 sono stati raccolti i dati in forma anonima di n=100 donne che corrispondevano ai criteri di inclusione ed esclusione. In particolar modo sono state incluse le donne con gravidanza gemellare bicoriale biamniotica e monocoriale biamniotica che hanno partorito in un’epoca gestazionale ≥ 32 nel periodo compreso tra il 01/01/2021 e il 31/05/2023 presso l’U.O. Ostetricia e Ginecologia “G. Salesi” Ancona. Sono state analizzate per raccogliere le informazioni le cartelle cliniche ambulatoriali, quelle di reparto, dalle cartelle di rete condivise all’interno del presidio ospedaliero e dal registro parti dell’Unità Operativa. Per l’analisi dei dati sono state utilizzate le piattaforme Excel e R (versione 4.2.2). RISULTATI. Dallo studio ed analisi delle 100 unità selezionate è stato osservato un elevato tasso di tagli cesarei (90%) rispetto ai parti vaginali (10%) e a sua volta un alto tasso di tagli cesarei primari (70%) rispetto a quelli iterativi (30%). È stata osservata un’assenza di differenze significative nel punteggio di Apgar in relazione alla modalità di parto o alle patologie associate alla gravidanza. È stata osservata una differenza tra le settimane gestazionali al parto e la corionicità e nonché una differenza significativa tra la modalità del parto e la presentazione fetale. CONCLUSIONE. Dai dati emersi appare essenziale promuovere la formazione di clinici esperti nella gestione del parto gemellare e considerare l’implementazione di protocolli specifici per l’identificazione delle donne candidate al parto vaginale. La salute delle madri e dei loro gemelli è di primaria importanza, e questa tesi si propone di contribuire a garantire che le decisioni cliniche siano informate dalle migliori evidenze disponibili, al fine di ottimizzare gli esiti per entrambi. Si auspica di aprire la strada ad una gestione più oculata e personalizzata delle gravidanze gemellari, ponendo al centro l’esperienza e la sicurezza dei pazienti.
Tipologia di parto nella gravidanza gemellare: studio retrospettivo nell'Unità Operativa di Ginecologia ed Ostetricia "G. Salesi" di Ancona
FEDELI, SARA
2022/2023
Abstract
INTRODUCTION. Twin pregnancies represent a unique and fascinating phenomenon within the field of obstetrics: two lives developing simultaneously in the mother's womb, two individuals sharing a special bond from the earliest moments of their existence. However, this wonder of nature is often accompanied by clinical challenges and complex medical decisions that involve the well-being of both the mother and her twins. In recent decades, the rate of cesarean sections in twin pregnancies has significantly increased, surpassing the limit defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) and raising questions about best practices and appropriate indications for this patient population. OBJECTIVES. The objective of this thesis is to analyze the practices related to the management of twin pregnancies at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of "G. Salesi" with the intention of identifying the main indications for cesarean section and possible strategies to promote vaginal delivery, thereby reducing primary cesarean section rates. Maternal and fetal outcomes will be examined to provide evidence-based recommendations for improving care for women expecting twins and promoting informed and personalized clinical decisions. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Data were collected anonymously from n=100 women who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria between April 1, 2023, and October 1, 2023. Specifically, women with dichorionic diamniotic and monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies who gave birth at a gestational age ≥ 32 between January 1, 2021, and May 31, 2023, at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department "G. Salesi" in Ancona were included. Clinical data were collected from outpatient and inpatient medical records, shared network files within the hospital, and the hospital's birthing registry. Data analysis was performed using Excel and R (version 4.2.2). RESULTS. From the study and analysis of the 100 selected cases, a high rate of cesarean sections (90%) was observed compared to vaginal deliveries (10%). Furthermore, a high rate of primary cesarean sections (70%) was observed in contrast to repeat cesarean sections (30%). There was no significant difference in Apgar scores based on the delivery mode or associated pregnancy complications. Differences were noted in gestational weeks at delivery based on chorionicity, as well as a significant difference in the delivery mode based on fetal presentation. CONCLUSION. The data highlights the essential need for the training of expert clinicians in the management of twin deliveries and the consideration of specific protocols for identifying candidates for vaginal delivery. The health of mothers and their twins is of primary importance, and this thesis aims to contribute to ensuring that clinical decisions are informed by the best available evidence to optimize outcomes for both. It is hoped that this work will pave the way for a more judicious and personalized approach to twin pregnancies, placing patient experience and safety at the forefront.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
TESI.FedeliSara.DACARICARE.pdf
embargo fino al 16/11/2026
Descrizione: Corpo tesi Fedeli Sara
Dimensione
1.33 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
1.33 MB | Adobe PDF |
I documenti in UNITESI sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/15731