Globally, fruit and vegetable consumption increased on average 4.5% yearly between 1990 and 2004. At the same time, outbreaks of foodborne illnesses associated with the consumption of fresh produce have increased. Most of these products are subjected to minimal processing and often consumed raw. Microbiological contamination of fresh produce is generally caused by microorganisms, deriving from environmental, animal or human sources. Such microorganisms can contaminate vegetables during any phase of the supply food chain, from the producer to the consumer and can represent a serious risk for the health of consumers. Therefore, new and complementary food preservation technologies are being studied. Among these, particular attention has been given to physical methods and biopreservation to increase the shelf-life and inhibit the growth of undesirable micro-organisms, while minimizing the impact on the nutritional and sensory properties of foods. This study was aimed at evaluating the antimicrobial effect of the combination of ultrasound and non-thermal and/or physical-biological methods in fresh vegetables. Furthermore, to assess the antimicrobial effect of the applied treatments challenge tests have also been performed. Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli, inoculated in the substrates to be analyzed, were used as model microbial cultures. Two vegetables were tested, namely white cabbage and red pepper, immersed in their respective water-bath containing vinegar as source of acetic acid and wine as source of ethanol. The results obtained highlighted that the chemical compounds contained in the water-bath exerted the antimicrobial effect, thus leading to a reduction of microbial loads. Such results were not influenced by the ultrasound treatment that, in the applied conditions, seemed to be ineffective.
A livello globale, il consumo di frutta e verdura è aumentato in media del 4,5% annuo tra il 1990 e il 2004. Allo stesso tempo, sono aumentati i focolai di malattie di origine alimentare associate al consumo di prodotti freschi. La maggior parte di questi prodotti riceve una lavorazione minima e viene spesso consumata cruda, la contaminazione causata da microrganismi, derivanti da fonti ambientali, animali o umane, può verificarsi durante una qualsiasi fase della filiera alimentare, dal produttore al consumatore e può rappresentare un rischio serio per la salute del consumatore. Pertanto, si stanno cercando tecnologie di conservazione degli alimenti sempre nuove e complementari. Tra queste, è stata data particolare attenzione ai metodi fisici e alla biopreservazione per allungare i tempi di conservazione e inibire la moltiplicazione di microorganismi indesiderati, andando a minimizzare l’impatto sulle proprietà nutrizionali e sensoriali degli alimenti. L’obbiettivo di questo studio è stato quello di valutare l’effetto antimicrobico della combinazione di ultrasuoni e metodi non termici e/o fisico-biologici sull’inattivazione microbica in vegetali freschi. Inoltre, sono stati condotti challenge test per verificare la capacità antimicrobica dei trattamenti, utilizzando come colture modello ceppi di Saccharomyces cerevisiae ed Escherichia coli, inoculati in cariche note nei substrati da analizzare. Sono stati presi in esame due vegetali; cavolo bianco e peperone rosso, immersi in bagne contenenti aceto come fonte di acido acetico e vino come fonte di etanolo. Dagli esperimenti effettuati è emerso che i trattamenti chimico-fisici applicati ai vegetali crudi presi in esame, hanno fornito dei risultati che sembrano affermare che gli ultrasuoni non esercitino nelle condizioni applicate un effetto apprezzabile sulla riduzione delle cariche microbiche che risultano altresì influenzate dai composti chimici presenti nelle rispettive bagne.
APPLICAZIONE DI TRATTAMENTI CHIMICO-FISICI PER LA DECONTAMINAZIONE MICROBIOLOGICA DI VEGETALI
LAMPONI, ROSSELLA
2018/2019
Abstract
Globally, fruit and vegetable consumption increased on average 4.5% yearly between 1990 and 2004. At the same time, outbreaks of foodborne illnesses associated with the consumption of fresh produce have increased. Most of these products are subjected to minimal processing and often consumed raw. Microbiological contamination of fresh produce is generally caused by microorganisms, deriving from environmental, animal or human sources. Such microorganisms can contaminate vegetables during any phase of the supply food chain, from the producer to the consumer and can represent a serious risk for the health of consumers. Therefore, new and complementary food preservation technologies are being studied. Among these, particular attention has been given to physical methods and biopreservation to increase the shelf-life and inhibit the growth of undesirable micro-organisms, while minimizing the impact on the nutritional and sensory properties of foods. This study was aimed at evaluating the antimicrobial effect of the combination of ultrasound and non-thermal and/or physical-biological methods in fresh vegetables. Furthermore, to assess the antimicrobial effect of the applied treatments challenge tests have also been performed. Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli, inoculated in the substrates to be analyzed, were used as model microbial cultures. Two vegetables were tested, namely white cabbage and red pepper, immersed in their respective water-bath containing vinegar as source of acetic acid and wine as source of ethanol. The results obtained highlighted that the chemical compounds contained in the water-bath exerted the antimicrobial effect, thus leading to a reduction of microbial loads. Such results were not influenced by the ultrasound treatment that, in the applied conditions, seemed to be ineffective.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Tesi Rossella Lamponi .pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12075/6146